tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57512204653155540612024-03-18T19:54:10.310-07:00My Ancestor's NameExploring my journey documenting ancestors <br> from Arkansas, Oklahoma, Mississippi, & TennesseeAngela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.comBlogger258125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-49472268747726955402024-03-18T12:47:00.000-07:002024-03-18T19:53:37.958-07:00Is This the Drennen Slave Girl who Found Her Freedom? I Call Her Amanda!<p> Twelve years ago I wrote a story about <a href="https://myancestorsname.blogspot.com/2012/02/my-ancestor-and-her-great-escape-to.html">The Escape of the Drennen Slave Girl</a>. The incident occurred in 1850 in Pittsburgh. There were only a few facts known about the young girl who escaped. She was a 14-year-old girl traveling with John Drennen and his wife through Pennsylvania. In Pittsburg, they stayed at the Monongahela Hotel during that trip, while the young girl stayed in the servants' quarters of the hotel.</p><p>At the hotel a piece of his luggage was damaged and was sent out to be repaired. He sent the young girl to see about the damaged piece, and he did receive his luggage. However, the enslaved girl was now gone. She did not return.<br /><br />The girl was about 14 years of age, and Drennen described her as being part Cherokee. This statement stood out to me, because John Drennen at that time was the Indian Agent to the Cherokees, and it was Drennen himself who compiled the 1851 Drennen Roll. Upon the loss of his slaves, there were several articles that appeared in the local press about his lost slave girl. </p><p><i><b>Was the girl really part Cherokee?<br /><br />Did he happen to know this with certainty? <br /><br />Would his being an Agent to the Cherokees have been a source of information about her? <br /><br />When how did she come to John Drennen's ownership? <br /><br />Was she sold to him by a Cherokee?</b></i></p><p><br />Well I may have found part of the answer today in Austin Texas! <br /><br />Years ago, the personal papers of John Drennen. These papers were sold to the University of Texas at Austin several years ago. And today I visited the <a href="https://briscoecenter.org/">Briscoe Center for American History in Austin Texas</a> to examine the personal papers of John Drennen of Van Buren Arkansas. While there, I had the incredible opportunity to examine the personal papers of John Drennen which are part of the Charles G. Scott Collection. Charles G. Scott was the son-in-law to John Drennen.</p><p>My interest in the case goes beyond a study of the Drennen slaves. It goes beyond a story of a man whose slave girl ran away. It is personal. John Drennen owned my ancestor Patrick. He lived on the estate of John Drennen, and I have asked myself over the years---did he know this young girl? We they siblings? <br /><br />While researching this, I know that Drennen owned numerous slaves, but up the hill on his personals estate, he owned a small number of slaves at the Drennen home. And I have always known that my ancestor Patrick was one of them. Eight slaves were part of the home estate, and no others.</p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgP8lKEby5lI3-JfonzJYT-Chkp2fsdvpAFl_LHSRKajiGSzE2AS8_wewiU9kKAzi3yozGFmPAWvNz7hiNFDalu689nOMSkMyrd0xhjtjz6mK11YFRh0-j52EsR13N-jfiDBXi8f1N-9ird9IfYiedo6BfCrSCUL85D7Y2KY0QBwpJK3uM5pep__9Xb4Cs" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="607" height="337" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgP8lKEby5lI3-JfonzJYT-Chkp2fsdvpAFl_LHSRKajiGSzE2AS8_wewiU9kKAzi3yozGFmPAWvNz7hiNFDalu689nOMSkMyrd0xhjtjz6mK11YFRh0-j52EsR13N-jfiDBXi8f1N-9ird9IfYiedo6BfCrSCUL85D7Y2KY0QBwpJK3uM5pep__9Xb4Cs=w634-h337" width="634" /></a></div><b style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;"><b>1850 Slave Schedule Arkansas, Crawford County</b></div></b><br /><p></p><p>But then today, a fascinating document appeared from one of the boxes. This was an 1845 document that reflected the acquisition of six slaves from <a href="https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry?entry=CH057">Auguste P, Chouteau,</a> to John Drennen. Auguste P. Chouteau was a member of the Chouteau Trading Post in what is now Oklahoma. His father's trading post traded primarily with Osage people, but he had a strong knowledge of Indian Territory, including the Cherokee Nation as well. In fact, Chouteau's Trading Post. In fact, Chouteau's Trading Post was a major trading spot in the early 1800s, between Cherokee and Osages nations. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU-2a8xrMQfb000uY3nQVLqhGAs5JQKczA4Pxs4_rNg-ywxMz0Ae3TsHFlbLMulL63P5WSzLDaanIQOO4WW2aOc8El2-l35Dcjkfq2m49iBByhacrSaimhSk5_owHwtnt3JSO9Msv2Bm87y1Q-4a5UknJChdW99IyFU8L8aFFJIwpoOuyv86NSstlDsSA/s662/Choutea's%20Post.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="662" height="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU-2a8xrMQfb000uY3nQVLqhGAs5JQKczA4Pxs4_rNg-ywxMz0Ae3TsHFlbLMulL63P5WSzLDaanIQOO4WW2aOc8El2-l35Dcjkfq2m49iBByhacrSaimhSk5_owHwtnt3JSO9Msv2Bm87y1Q-4a5UknJChdW99IyFU8L8aFFJIwpoOuyv86NSstlDsSA/s320/Choutea's%20Post.jpg" width="320" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Drawing of Chouteau's Trading Post<br />Courtesy of Oklahoma Historical Society</b></span><br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: left;">So I held in my hand a document from 1845 reflecting the sale of six slaves ages 45 years to 2 years of age. The document revealed that in 1845 John Drennen acquired the six enslaved people: <i><b>Charity aged 45, Aleck aged 17, George aged 12, Mary aged 12, Amanda aged 10, and Moses aged 2. </b></i></div><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOu52wkaThk65u5roFsO03HOvxej_q7e7ESh-FTOuLO_grqzmGQqD88Eu9g_TFR3BOCfO58BKiMzOQGgSYcrT86aodMsGS6WiWExXdLeJdFMZcy8qOdGJn_GgUDGwZqhdX5Sk9zudhSomcpgxof8RM_ali6XGlYbE0WYumW1jsvQ56DZXAvYpwlxR4WSA/s870/Drennen%20Slave%20Girl%20Amanda.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="870" data-original-width="592" height="680" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOu52wkaThk65u5roFsO03HOvxej_q7e7ESh-FTOuLO_grqzmGQqD88Eu9g_TFR3BOCfO58BKiMzOQGgSYcrT86aodMsGS6WiWExXdLeJdFMZcy8qOdGJn_GgUDGwZqhdX5Sk9zudhSomcpgxof8RM_ali6XGlYbE0WYumW1jsvQ56DZXAvYpwlxR4WSA/w463-h680/Drennen%20Slave%20Girl%20Amanda.jpg" width="463" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Image from Charles. G. Scott Collection <br />Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />I sat there for some time looking at the names of the six people being sold, to John Drennen, the highest bidder. Were one of these names from 1845 the young girl who escaped to freedom?<br /><div><br /></div><div>Of the many articles that appeared in the press about her daring escape to freedom, her name has never been mentioned. Over the years I have kept my eyes open for someday knowing her name. Since the slaves who resided on the Drennen estate to have appeared to be a family, and prior to this time, I only knew the name of my ancestor Patrick residing on the estate. I cannot prove a direct definitive tie between Patrick and the young girl, nor can I consider the small family of slaves to be directly related to me. However, they do share the same history from Drennen Reserve, therefore I still embrace them as an ancestral family. </div><div><br />Although I have never known her name; and the only document that may have reflected her, was only a shown as a tic mark on a slave schedule among the eight slaves on Drennen Reserve. For me, over the years and previously the names of others also enslaved by Drennen were not known except that of Patrick, my known ancestor owned by Drennen. But this visit today revealed to me the names of six of John Drennen's eight slaves that he owned in 1850 a mere five years after they were purchased from August P. Chouteau in 1845. And one of them was a young girl of 10 years. She would have been of age to have been 14 o4 15 years of age five years later on the trip to Pennsylvania. Could this be her?<br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div>After sitting and reflecting for some time after finding this document, I am more confident that I have been able at last to identify her name her. It is Amanda! She is the only the third Amanda among my own ancestors---and this Amanda has come to me from the papers of John Drennen of Van Buren Arkansas!<br /><br />This is only my first day of research and so many more files await me. However, I think I can now say her name! I shall continue to search to see if more evidence appears, but today's search has already yielded a precious find.<br /><br />Until more is known----I shall and I can call her Amanda! <br /><br /></div>Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-86187977686080280532022-09-26T13:58:00.004-07:002022-09-26T13:58:50.964-07:00Remembering my Father on This Day<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqj8cxhNLKdIKzUDyrWSNtcNbeKU6KH3ebIbvuP0QqszmppqZk39PrjxkocJuMVrgEa_i31M0l75GRUeyn-pnrJK1pJiOQcK3Mvb6Pp4ro1PHghF_5F3Dli7QnqFJdO9Bi6kxJyN99g30/s1600/Sam+L+Walton.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="588" data-original-width="535" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqj8cxhNLKdIKzUDyrWSNtcNbeKU6KH3ebIbvuP0QqszmppqZk39PrjxkocJuMVrgEa_i31M0l75GRUeyn-pnrJK1pJiOQcK3Mvb6Pp4ro1PHghF_5F3Dli7QnqFJdO9Bi6kxJyN99g30/s320/Sam+L+Walton.jpg" width="291" /></a></div>
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<br />Forty six years ago, on this day, my father passed away. I loved my father. He was always the jovial man who made me laugh and would who take me on a ride with him on a whim. "Daughter, want to take a ride?" he'd ask. "Ok Daddy" I replied, and we were off! Sometimes it was a quick trek to Yutterman's supermarket where he would come back with a bag of vegetables purchased with only a couple of dollars in his pocket. Other times it was a drive around town where he would slow down and stop for a quick chat with folks he saw along the way. That was how I learned who the men in our community were. They were all family men, and always on a Saturday morning they were outside in the yard doing something--cutting grass, working on a vehicle or playing catch with their own children. These were the men that I knew, that I saw, and they were the ones whom I admired.<div><br /></div><div>Daddy was the one who introduced Oklahoma into our lives. Usually in the summer months, we would head west over the Arkansas River into Le Flore County Oklahoma, and he would always point out the grove of pecan trees to the left, in the river bottom, that he and another close childhood friend planted when they were young boys. <br /><br />Proceeding westward on highway 64, we would pass the old highway marker declaring "Entering Indian Territory." He would then share stories about our great grandmother Sallie Walton, who was from the Choctaw Nation. I would stare out as we passed the fields of Alfalfa, wondering how the sweet great grandma Nannie, whom I loved was somehow connected to Indians in Oklahoma. He would then always point out that we were all part Choctaw, too.<br /><div><br /></div><div>Most people knew my dad, as he was a barber and had a popular barber shop on North Q street for many years. It was also next door to a popular establishment, "The Blue Goose", where many locals frequented during the weekends for their weekly "brew." My one memory of the barbershop was the big red colored barber chair, the strap hanging from the side where he would sharpen his blades for the close shaves, and the different smells from the bottles of bay rum aftershave. On Saturdays when my mom would drive by the barbershop, he would always come out and give her some wads of cash so that she could run some errands. A few time if he was not busy I would actually go inside and take one or two pennies to put into the small machine and get a handful of salted peanuts for a snack.<br /><br />Sundays, meant church, of course, and after weekly mass at our small Catholic parish--St. John's, the family would take a drive through town, and as we saw other churches that were ending their services, Daddy would wave a hand at those whom he knew---of course he knew just about everyone, so it seemed to me. And the men who were in work clothes the day before, were now in their suits and ties, and were with their own families in tow. The families poured out of King Solomon Baptist, 9th Street Baptist and Mallalieu Methodist. We'd pass 1st Baptist where my grandmother and great grandmother attended, and friends on the south side attended St. James. As unique as our lives and the lives of worship that different families practiced, the one thing in common was the strength of the men who were the pastors, deacons, ushers, and leaders in their own small community of worship.<br /><br />In our small Catholic parish, my dad was always one of the ushers who passed the baskets for collection during the and who later counted the offerings with the parish priest, after mass at the rectory. He was among the men of the parish who formed the membership of the Holy Name Society---Mr. Webster, Mr. Greene, Mr. Gilyard, Mr. Page, Mr. Triplett, Mr. Nichols, Mr. Metzenheimer, Mr. Longley, Mr. Hardwick, Mr. Harris and more. At the annual school bazaar every fall, and there was my dad, always, in the kitchen acting as chef preparing quick orders for hot sandwiches and dishes for the annual parish event.<br /><br />My father was a friendly man, always up for a good laugh, and he was a man with a good heart. His compassion for his friends was sincere and the bond that I was able to share with him was special. He had a close fondness for Mr. John Harris a quiet man who was rasing his daughter alone, and he would always give Mr. Harris a free haircut, because he respected him as an elder at St. John's.<br /><br />As I grew older and began to read more literature and autobiographies I was surprised that he would ask what I was reading and expressed an interest in the books as well. I learned that my fun Daddy, was also a thinker and also had a strong interest in what black writers were producing. One of the books that we shared in depth was <i><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Man-Who-Cried-Am/dp/1585675806">"The Man Who Cried I Am"</a></i> that we actually discussed together.<br /><br /> One of the sweetest memories I have was when I used to play the organ in the summers for Sunday Mass. For most of my earlier years, Daddy never took communion, because of the Catholic Church issue with divorce. Before marrying my mother, he had a previous and brief marriage that did not last very long, and ended in divorce. Being divorced put him in a strange "no-communion" status with the Church. <br /><br />However, he decided to address the issue, and apparently he had quietly gone through an official annulment process of the first marriage. And on one surprising Sunday, at communion time, when I joined the line for communion, he walked to the alter alongside me. He had waited as others passed in the line ahead of me as they approached the altar. He stood close by, and waited for me, so that he could walk with me. He chose to walk to the altar with his daughter. I always remember that moment as such a sweet moment that we both shared.<br /><br />There are so many more special "daddy-daughter" moments that we shared, and my only sadness is that his grandchilren never got to know him. What a joy he would have been in their lives. So, although there is a bit of sadness that this is the day that he died, I also feel the warmth that my memories of my dear father have left me. <br /><br />May he continue to rest peacefully, and may he occasionally visit me in my dreams and make me smile. I love you, Daddy.<br /></div></div>Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-78861175141564201112022-09-26T09:24:00.000-07:002022-09-26T09:24:28.244-07:00Because of Her, We are Here!<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi6Txqbf4ld7PY2Kndo3LHe8BYWV1KdP7eOBPYBsVEu2lrbPl0PX209U7SBGwBLgLrrR8orz6XrgcHNu07HJjE0uXxjmie4uTroG7LF_q3gpuz1FAJFAJwcSbw0TwvygmgtMFqRX2tttbF_X4U2u0jPDilJp61YFj_20oBlC2sHjBLtKhbhqIkgvi1P" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="665" data-original-width="498" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi6Txqbf4ld7PY2Kndo3LHe8BYWV1KdP7eOBPYBsVEu2lrbPl0PX209U7SBGwBLgLrrR8orz6XrgcHNu07HJjE0uXxjmie4uTroG7LF_q3gpuz1FAJFAJwcSbw0TwvygmgtMFqRX2tttbF_X4U2u0jPDilJp61YFj_20oBlC2sHjBLtKhbhqIkgvi1P" width="180" /></a><br /><b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Harriet Tubman Statue, Dorchester Maryland</span></b></div><br /><div style="text-align: left;">Saturday Septemer 10th 2022 was a beautiful day in Dorchester Maryland. I had the opportunity to attend teh unveling of a statue of Harriet Tubman, whose image now graces the site of courthouse in the very county where she was enslaved.<br /><br /><br /></div></div><br /><p></p>Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-81389553979642562062018-12-09T12:59:00.001-08:002018-12-10T04:56:52.516-08:00The Missing Migration of Our People & Why They Can't be Found<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">My ancestor Amanda Young was a young girl when in 1833 she witnessed the <a href="https://myancestorsname.blogspot.com/2010/04/night-stars-fell-my-search-for-amanda.html">"Night the Stars Fell"</a> , a spectacular meteor shower seen all over North America. I have written about this and told the story many times.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Years later, I learned that Amanda's parents were John and Martha Young, who were actually born in Virginia, who in their later years, ended up in Mississippi. They were first taken to Tennessee from Virginia, but, the exact location of their Virginia origin remains unknown, after 30 years of research.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On another line, I have an ancestor who was Lydia Walters Talkington. She was brought to Crawford County, Arkansas while a small girl, right around the time of Arkansas statehood, around 1836. She was born in North Carolina, when she arrived with the Walters and Harrells. Her parents names are not known to me, and have never appeared in any record. The only knowledge of her origin is found in census records stating that she was born in North Carolina. Her years after arrival were in Dripping Springs, Arkansas, and later the town of Van Buren. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Was she brought with her parents, or was she, like thousands of others brought west and south during the domestic slave trade? Was she among other children, and separated from her mother and sold like horses or cows, to someone and then brought west? I have never been found her parents, and most likely never will.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">And there are my ancestors from Indian Territory in the Choctaw Nation. My great grandmother Sallie Walton was the daughter of Amanda Perry Anchatubbee. Amanda's mother was Amanda whose mother Kitty Perry who was a slave of the Perry family of Skullyville in Indian Territory. Kitty was taken from Mississippi, and survived the removal of Choctaws from Mississippi to Indian Territory in 1831. I ask the question, "How did the Perry's obtain their slaves"? And of course I was to know, "who were Kitty's parents"? That paper trail has also come to an end. <br /><br />I cannot help but wonder if she or her parents were also marched from another state to Mississippi. The Perry's, I know came from Yalobusha County Mississippi. Did they purchase slaves before they relocated to the west? And was this a purchase of one of the slaves brought to Mississippi on Slavery's Trail of Tears? That will most likely never have an answer.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">An article from <a href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/slavery-trail-of-tears-180956968/?fbclid=IwAR3PBu6eMkdk0Tk6XpeAUZ_HBhHOFTOLhm-W11aqW4q5Ojp-q9X4ZqycWJ4">November 2015 of the Smithsonian Magazine</a>, illustrates a long forgotten march that occurred almost 200 years ago. That was the movement of thousands of enslaved people, from the east coast to the deep south. The countless stories of origin of those hapless souls now forever lost to time, all chained together with no hope of release until their destination was reached--Tennessee, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and other places never to be known. This was Slavery's Trail of Tears.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Fast forward to the 21st century, where millions of people, curious about their own history seek information. They pursue census records, military records, and much more hoping the find evidence of their past. And they, like many others hit the wall of 1865. <br /><br />After finding ancestors in the 1870 census, they seek the stories of the early days of freedom. They look to the <a href="http://mappingthefreedmensbureau.com/">Freedmen's Bureau</a>, the Freedman's Bank, and other records showing them in the first years after slavery ended. If they are fortunate, some will find ancestors in a probate record, listed among other enslaved people on a white slave holder's will or estate inventory. And then---all paper evidence comes to an end. There are exceptions, if one has free people among their ancestors. And a small few are fortunate to follow wills and records into the 1700s. But the vast majority will encounter the heartbreak of slavery era research</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Like many, their ancestors were among the hundreds of thousands who were gathered, separated and then marched from Virginia and other coastal states, westward and southward, never to see their point of origin again. The untold stories of the domestic sale and trading of slaves, was an integral part of the nation's past. Yet, it is not spoken about, and is basically unknown. This forced march--this forced separation of families--this forced treatment of human beings is the one sole reason that most searches will end in the early 1800s. That is the painful and sad reality of slavery in America. As the article note, they were marched on foot from the "tobacco south to the cotton south". This is the heartbreaking story of our ancestors.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Because of this march---many of us, will never find any paper trail beyond this point.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaGCQIFbidoV5ZBsurhgMIhyphenhyphenm2BmHBkU1Tee8L1v63OYu2WOzLLyLfGpSDhz-buqT37hUQK354OuDBOIvuzcKMU3QBdCbp9wDgqGRH04fivqExQk0WzReyis3zRKd8nNmu__dJB0Jwn5I/s1600/Slave+Trail+of+Tears.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="595" data-original-width="676" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaGCQIFbidoV5ZBsurhgMIhyphenhyphenm2BmHBkU1Tee8L1v63OYu2WOzLLyLfGpSDhz-buqT37hUQK354OuDBOIvuzcKMU3QBdCbp9wDgqGRH04fivqExQk0WzReyis3zRKd8nNmu__dJB0Jwn5I/s320/Slave+Trail+of+Tears.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: xx-small;">One of the only images reflecting the domestic "Slavery Trail of Tears"</span></div>
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<span class="credits" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: xx-small;">(Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia)</span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Smithsonian described this march as the largest known in our history:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><i>"T<span style="background-color: white;">his forced resettlement was 20 times larger than Andrew Jackson’s “Indian removal” campaigns of the 1830s, which gave rise to the original Trail of Tears as it drove tribes of Native Americans out of Georgia, Mississippi and Alabama. It was bigger than the immigration of Jews into the United States during the 19th century, when some 500,000 arrived from Russia and Eastern Europe. It was bigger than the wagon-train migration to the West, beloved of American lore. This movement lasted longer and grabbed up more people than any other migration in North America before 1900."</span></i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The possibility is that many of the largest slaveholders, including those in Indian Territory may have acquired slaves who had been already marched from this forced relocation of slaves. and clearly the slave traders from whom they purchased slaves were participants in this horror. </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As much as we want to know---we cannot scale that wall of thorns, keeping us from our past. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji4MRarWrBeWHdAVl8FRsYJsh7YfOC3jTOA_yayIYv41oQroRyoWveABuxYjJo-Y4ZV23JBNE7p6iz28P8ndMThpWb4V9dpE7udNgxmWIQ4EF2nxA1yM-9a_yi__k8aDL1tEA015AKjrs/s1600/Slave+Trail+of+Tears+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1031" data-original-width="1515" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji4MRarWrBeWHdAVl8FRsYJsh7YfOC3jTOA_yayIYv41oQroRyoWveABuxYjJo-Y4ZV23JBNE7p6iz28P8ndMThpWb4V9dpE7udNgxmWIQ4EF2nxA1yM-9a_yi__k8aDL1tEA015AKjrs/s400/Slave+Trail+of+Tears+Map.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">(Illustrated map by Laszlo Kubinyi. Map sources: Digital Scholarship Lab, </span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; text-align: left;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">University of Richmond; Edward Ball; Guilbert Gates; Dacus Thompson; Sonya Maynard)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">However, the critical role that we must play is to become the caretaker of our recent history.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Our task, is to find the methods of how they survived, and how they thrived and to tell their stories. It is the resilience of the survivors that provided the platform from which many of our own families emerged. They endured unimaginable hardships but their suffering has lead us to whom and to where we are today.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">May their souls rest and may they guide us from places beyond, and may we be filled by their strength, for they are the source of our strength.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-5392551232941920402018-08-04T19:34:00.001-07:002018-08-04T19:34:47.969-07:00Genealogy Institute to Feature Freedmen of Five Civilized Tribes<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-Bmc-DYXzZ6jvX41q8xDbOK-Wogp7DrTAT2_UCxWB3sGZSPXsJo8j7X0QoYWuX1JjPc-HJBGCqA0j_B5kG-iqOcpPajNwufx2SX8R9CWAjzqeiCx92nN81Zc06jn5YzR0vZUmZ6jxlL4/s1600/LOGO+for+MAAGI.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="140" data-original-width="164" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-Bmc-DYXzZ6jvX41q8xDbOK-Wogp7DrTAT2_UCxWB3sGZSPXsJo8j7X0QoYWuX1JjPc-HJBGCqA0j_B5kG-iqOcpPajNwufx2SX8R9CWAjzqeiCx92nN81Zc06jn5YzR0vZUmZ6jxlL4/s1600/LOGO+for+MAAGI.jpg" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">MAAGI
– The Teaching Institute</span></b><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">For 2019 – Announcing: A New Track <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">For
the very first time, MAAGI will become the first genealogy institute to offer a
track devoted entirely to the Freedmen from Indian Territory and the Five
Tribes: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Seminole Nations. This is focus
in the genealogy community, is long overdue as the Oklahoma based Freedmen are
uniquely the largest group of African-descended people with the most provable
ties to any Native American tribe. For three days the participants will take 12
classes, all devoted to methods of researching the documenting the history of
this most under-discussed population. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">FACULTY:</b> <br />
Terry Ligon (Blogger, researcher, Chickasaw Freedman Researcher)<br />
Dr. Janice Lovelace (Professor Emerita, Choctaw Researcher)<br />
Ron Graham (Genealogy Researcher, Lecturer, Creek Researcher)<br />
Nicka Smith (Blogger, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ancestry</i>
Researcher, Author Cherokee Researcher<br />
Angela Walton-Raji (Author, Blogger, Podcaster Choctaw Freedman Researcher)<br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">TOPICS:</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Basic Records
for Freedman Research<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Chickasaw
Freedmen and Equity Case 7071<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Before the Dawes
Rolls – Exploring Earlier Freedmen Records<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Military Records
& the Oklahoma Freedmen – USCTs and Indian Home Guards<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Creek Freedmen
Records – Dunn Roll, Old Series, Per Capita Payments and Dawes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The Case of Joe
& Dillard Perry<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Finding Ike Rogers
and other Cherokee Freedmen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Oklahoma
Freedmen and Pioneer Papers<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Freedmen
Settlements – From Tribal Towns to Freedman Settlemants<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Freedmen Before
Statehood – Associations, Societies, and Educators<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Freedman
Schools. Their History and Their Records<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">IT Freedmen and
the Arkansas Freedman’s Bureau<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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Clans<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">For more information: www.maagiinstitute.org</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
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<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-1216619962929894452017-08-25T21:05:00.001-07:002017-08-25T21:05:46.276-07:00Oklahoma Freedmen Ancestry to be Featured on Blog Talk Radio Show<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Many who are active in the genealogy community are quite familiar with the weekly program hosted by genealogist and author Bernice Alexander Bennett. On August 31, her show will feature 4 genealogists who will speak on their genealogical experience as descendants of Oklahoma Freedmen. The Freedmen were those men, women and children once enslaved by citizens of the Five Civilized Tribes. The panelists will share the genealogical process and the documents they used to uncover their family history. <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/">Nicka Sewell-Smith</a>, will speak about her experience documenting her ancestors from the Cherokee Nation. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/terry.ligon.1">Terry Ligon</a>, will speak about documenting his ancestors who were Chickasaw Freedmen. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ron.graham.180">Ron Graham</a> will share his experiences documenting his family history from the Creek Nation, and yours truly-<a href="https://www.facebook.com/angela.waltonraji">Angela Walton-Raji</a> will speak about documenting the Walton and Perry ancestors from the Choctaw Nation.<br />
<br />
Ms. Smith is a direct descendant of Ike Rogers, the well known US Deputy Marshall who served Indian Territory under Judge Isaac C. Parker. Her family from Vinita, Fort Gibson and other places in the Cherokee Nation is well documented. She shares much of her research on her website <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/">Who is Nicka Smith</a> Nicka Smith is also the host of Black Pro Gen, a bi-weekly Google hangout where professional genealogists discuss methods and strategies in a live on camera gathering. She is also a professional photo journalist and documentarian, and serves as a member of the faculty of MAAGI, the Midwest African-American Genealogy Institute.<br />
<br />
Terry Ligon's story is fascinating when he shares the amazing genealogical data that he uncovered and learned about his ancestor Bettie Ligon, who was chief litigant in a complex legal case involving over 2000 freedmen. He hosts the blog <a href="http://blackandredjournal.blogspot.com/">The Black and Red Journal</a> and also a group on Facebook, called <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/177173225672645/">The Indian Territory Reader</a>. He has taught numerous genealogy classes, and was a major instructor in the Choctaw-Chickasaw Freedmen conference several years ago in Oklahoma City. Mr. Ligon has also produced a number of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWxhRycssoI">videos</a> on YouTube reflecting not only his history, but many aspects of the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v22-UgPOYpo">complex history</a> of Oklahoma Freedmen.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/ron.graham.180">Ron Graham</a> is active in many aspects of genealogy of Oklahoma Freedmen. With strong family ties to the Muskogee Creek Nation, Mr. Graham served for several years as president of the <a href="http://www.1866creekfreedmen.com/">Muscogee Creek Freedman Band</a>, a group whose mission is to preserve, and teach history and genealogy of Creek Freedmen. He has conducted genealogy classes and worked with clients seeking assistance with the enrollment process. He continues to be active with the Descendants of Freedmen Association of Oklahoma. He continues to teach throughout Oklahoma and most recently taught a class at the Cherokee Ancestry conference in Talequah Oklahoma.<br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji hosts the <a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-Native American Genealogy Blog</a>, the <a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.com/">African-Native American genealogy website</a>, and she hosts the longest running <a href="http://www.afrigeneas.com/forume">message board</a> focusing on researching Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes, on AfriGeneas. Author of <a href="http://heritagebooks.com/mm5/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=HBI&Product_Code=101-W4473&Category_Code=">Black Indian Genealogy Research</a>, the first and only book devoted to researching the Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes, Ms. Walton-Raji continues to devote time and energy to teaching and writing in many arenas. She has the longest ongoing <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/">genealogy podcast</a> devoted to African American genealogy, with over 400 episodes available free online. Ms. Walton-Raji is also a founding member and faculty member of <a href="http://www.maagiinstitute.org/">MAAGI</a> and coordinates the Writer's Track at the Institute. She has spoken nationally at <a href="http://www.aahgs.org/">AAHGS</a>, <a href="https://fgs.org/">FGS</a>, <a href="http://www.rootstech.org/">Roots Tech</a>, <a href="http://www.scgsgenealogy.com/">SCGS</a>, and the <a href="http://www.blackgenealogysummit.com/">International Black Genealogy Summit</a>.<br />
<br />
Bernice Bennett, host of the weekly program <a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">"Research at the National Archives & Beyond"</a> on Blog Talk Radio, is well known for her efforts to feature genealogists, writers and scholars who share a compassion for telling the African American family story. Next week's show will be the first program of its kind featuring the topic of genealogical resources for descendants of the Oklahoma Freedmen. <br />
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The show will air at 9pm (eastern time) on Blog Talk Radio. To hear the program simply go to: <a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett</a>. Click on the episode's name to hear the live broadcast. To join the live online chat room, log in by creating a free account, or log in through Facebook or Twitter.<br />
<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-34696524741960480662017-05-12T18:37:00.000-07:002017-05-12T18:46:26.463-07:00Finding Oklahoma Community Leaders in Masonic Proceedings<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Proceedings of the St. John Grand Lodge, Muskogee Indian Territory, </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Annual Communication, 1896 (Cover Page)</b></span></div>
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In recent months I have been most appreciative of information that can be gleaned from studying the activities of the Prince Hall Masons and their various lodges throughout the nation. Both the 18th and 19th centuries, many leaders in communities were found to be among men who also were active with Masonic grand lodges.<br />
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Thankfully I have had an amazing opportunity to speak with, meet with and learn from<a href="https://www.facebook.com/jamesrmorgan"> James Morgan III</a>, of Prince George's County Maryland, who has proven to be quite an authority of the Prince Hall grand lodges, and their history in various regions of the country. Mr. Morgan is a member of the Prince Hall Grand Lodges of Washington, DC. In addition, Mr. Morgan has demonstrated his expertise by locating for me, images of community leaders in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. These same leaders were also among leaders in their local masonic organization. Mr. Morgan's contacts with others who also possess much knowledge of the organizational histories, has proven most beneficial.<br />
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As one who studies Indian Territory, and Oklahoma, I was pleased to receive proceedings from the 4th Annual Communication held in Muskogee, Indian Territory. The actual event occurred in Muskogee, Indian Territory in 1896 and it is a clear indicator of who the persons of influence in the Territory were. From some of the pages of the meeting, some of the leaders were reflected. Names such as J. Milton Turner, A.W.G. Sango, William Vann and others are found upon the pages of the book of proceedings. Many were also leaders in the communities of Freedmen of Oklahoma.<br />
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I was excited to also see a list of the various lodges and their post offices throughout the twin territories. The two territories are Oklahoma Territory, and Indian Territory. Also keep in mind that the territories did not merge geographically until statehood occurred in 1907.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjduxQ5qiLer4055L4XpvxrRCeloe1fj03dD0Ulp2X6cRnYorEgZf2_yyiTtdILPZAhgVTgaWajUgb5rY9tUHmYYdynLvYh-zqCL59vQmmen70_-MRThByCDUPQUkwQoWHUugEZStppXZ0/s1600/PHA+Free+Mason+Lodges%252C++of+IT.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjduxQ5qiLer4055L4XpvxrRCeloe1fj03dD0Ulp2X6cRnYorEgZf2_yyiTtdILPZAhgVTgaWajUgb5rY9tUHmYYdynLvYh-zqCL59vQmmen70_-MRThByCDUPQUkwQoWHUugEZStppXZ0/s320/PHA+Free+Mason+Lodges%252C++of+IT.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Proceedings of the St. John Grand Lodge, Muskogee Indian Terriotry, </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Annual Communication, 1896 </span></div>
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Seeing the location of the various masonic lodges one can actually glean more information about the lives of one's ancestors, and part of their social and also political network. In addition by reading the proceedings one can also learn more about lodges in other cities and states and compile a list from the communities that existed over 100 years ago.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigxXlJehKw90ipyDuW-GpneZ9SgsBlKpulVeTIR6PRgEUyY84Gdl6qzwmqI_VwG1o0sWdPbhb8b1lq5MK15Ees8tTPcB_18jTMJW8mBfrSYm18bG7bMY3S3pYMZ_Xh4fOjR1yK8H1gDmE/s1600/PHA+Subordinate+Lodges.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigxXlJehKw90ipyDuW-GpneZ9SgsBlKpulVeTIR6PRgEUyY84Gdl6qzwmqI_VwG1o0sWdPbhb8b1lq5MK15Ees8tTPcB_18jTMJW8mBfrSYm18bG7bMY3S3pYMZ_Xh4fOjR1yK8H1gDmE/s320/PHA+Subordinate+Lodges.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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Partial list of masonic lodges in Indian Territory. - 1896 p 1-2</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqw2Pn8bB8oLSPTB8ukttVnTwkERDgZ_mRF8egMV-dxsj2JQCSU_X82AUCtuzG3yauKVj1EKhAR6OVFoAnNj4pqtTTx76h8VnLaMe3qaGhbCDCYOZ1RH8mskpgZmvR_ZJeHGICkppI5PE/s1600/PHA+Free+Mason+Lodges+2++of+IT.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqw2Pn8bB8oLSPTB8ukttVnTwkERDgZ_mRF8egMV-dxsj2JQCSU_X82AUCtuzG3yauKVj1EKhAR6OVFoAnNj4pqtTTx76h8VnLaMe3qaGhbCDCYOZ1RH8mskpgZmvR_ZJeHGICkppI5PE/s320/PHA+Free+Mason+Lodges+2++of+IT.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Souce: Same as above: p 3-4</div>
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As genealogists, there is much to appreciate in these records, and all are encouraged to explore using some of these publications now in the public domain to study the local community, and to learn about those persons with whom our ancestors lived, and the circle of associates who influenced them.<br />
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The presences of these masonic groups in Indian and Oklahoma Territory is a part of the community history. Because of the strong influence that masonic organizations have had over the years, it would be wise to include questions about ancestors who may have been a part of these groups. New chapters may emerge in family histories and some old photos and family artifacts may eventually be explained by knowledge of these fraternal lodges and their value to family and community.Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-23339302337014469532017-03-08T14:16:00.000-08:002017-03-08T14:43:57.643-08:00Honoring the Women From Whom I Come....I can call their names---<b>Martha, Amanda, Harriet, Lily, Pauline</b>.<br />
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I can call their names---<b>Lydia, Kitty, Amanda, Sallie</b>.<br />
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I can call their names---<b>Minerva, Nancy, Georgia, Ellen</b>.<br />
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These are the women from whom I come.<br />
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I can call the names of their sisters---<b>Emily, Paralee.</b><br />
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I can call the names of their sisters---<b>Alice, Violet</b><br />
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I can call the names of their sisters---<b>Susie, Mary, Nancy, Fannie, Hattie, Indiana</b><br />
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I can call the names of their cousins---<b>Bennie, Frances, Etta, Eliza, Lucy</b><br />
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These are the names of the women, some of whom I knew, many about whom I have heard, and some are those whose lives I have studied. I treasure knowing them and sharing the small snippets of their stories.<br />
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Many I never met, but I know parts of their stories. Of some I have photos, while there are others whose faces I can only imagine. All are part of me, and on this International Day of Women, I honor them all.<br />
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One of my ancestors was a mere child when the stars fell.....<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQuK-NIizcoU3ytUIeXArU75Iwos3gGxPVmkzgQEAd6-anfWJneMgP4DpB7e7UyaBGmg1c7Ld4wXZzcS9D4jcICT23So5fe7TqCytgxGo1q0xqPiMWgBzFD9ztFMucaOy9eKxL4ThBHK0/s1600/Night+the+Stars+Fell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQuK-NIizcoU3ytUIeXArU75Iwos3gGxPVmkzgQEAd6-anfWJneMgP4DpB7e7UyaBGmg1c7Ld4wXZzcS9D4jcICT23So5fe7TqCytgxGo1q0xqPiMWgBzFD9ztFMucaOy9eKxL4ThBHK0/s200/Night+the+Stars+Fell.jpg" width="135" /></a></div>
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And she told her story:</div>
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<i><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><strong style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif;"> "Somebody in the quarters started yellin' in the middle of the night to come out and to look up at the sky. </strong><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;" /><strong style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif;"> We went outside and there they was a fallin' everywhere! Big stars coming down real close to the ground and just before they hit the ground they would burn up! We was all scared. Some of the folks was screamin', and some was prayin'. We all made so much noise, the white folks came out to see what was happenin'. They looked up and then they got scared, too.</strong><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;" /><strong style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif;"> "But then the white folks started callin' all the slaves together, and for no reason, they started tellin' some of the slaves who their mothers and fathers was, and who they'd been sold to and where they took em. </strong><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;" /><strong style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif;"> The old folks was so glad to hear where their people went. They made sure we all knew what happened.........you see, they thought it was Judgement Day."</strong></span></i> </div>
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(-<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Words of my gr. gr. grandmother Amanda Campbell Young Barr, enslaved as a child, in Maury County Tennessee, when the stars fell in 1833. She told this story to her children and grandchildren throughout her lifetime.-)</span></div>
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Another brave woman grabbed her own freedom when she escaped and made it to the Union line.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBywtQ5-R_5yaL8u6mME3qyebaFKs7GhsziOjNl6VJwGbubE3zC8Pnm6S62FJTlG5BnOolOtTJFw1iZy7E5QSEWgD1ikdVtmhVD6BjUzG3J4M1BN2sIIM1jFfonbD38_60x3WfqiaKnOs/s1600/Women+Ancestors+Freedom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBywtQ5-R_5yaL8u6mME3qyebaFKs7GhsziOjNl6VJwGbubE3zC8Pnm6S62FJTlG5BnOolOtTJFw1iZy7E5QSEWgD1ikdVtmhVD6BjUzG3J4M1BN2sIIM1jFfonbD38_60x3WfqiaKnOs/s200/Women+Ancestors+Freedom.jpg" width="165" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">(Mary Paralee Young, escaped and made it to Tennessee and lived for almost 2 years in President's Island Contraband Camp, near Memphis, Tennessee)</span></div>
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Another ancestor lived to become a literate woman who later taught small children how to read.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuM2s6VfZyE6NMLB9kZGZd4VrtSdhTThktNMn9eUvMdwwCp9A2qAoLK-L-zBIFZ-VUZpoiMHveEXrCqI4hq_PsmejWUBHsY2qrko_5GmJAqYF2haRaKwEQuTTzp-ccB2qQ7038mumPj-M/s1600/Frances+Young+Nelson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuM2s6VfZyE6NMLB9kZGZd4VrtSdhTThktNMn9eUvMdwwCp9A2qAoLK-L-zBIFZ-VUZpoiMHveEXrCqI4hq_PsmejWUBHsY2qrko_5GmJAqYF2haRaKwEQuTTzp-ccB2qQ7038mumPj-M/s1600/Frances+Young+Nelson.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Frances Young, daughter of Amanda Young</span><br />
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One left us too soon--my maternal grandmother died young shortly after the birth of her only child, who would become my mother. She was gone too soon when tuberculosis was sweeping the country.</div>
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<b style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMWazZF-sbiTCseCu5dZhF4Po40NcjRF9jpBsdvxrHhM3LSQMBvlwFCl4c4_u7rO_nXKuy97m7CJikojPhfwuxl65Nu8mbAYZsBypwBoEA0drUpUgBz1_4JAZzkO1k3TPAPyEA52hfX2I/s1600/Lily+Martin.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMWazZF-sbiTCseCu5dZhF4Po40NcjRF9jpBsdvxrHhM3LSQMBvlwFCl4c4_u7rO_nXKuy97m7CJikojPhfwuxl65Nu8mbAYZsBypwBoEA0drUpUgBz1_4JAZzkO1k3TPAPyEA52hfX2I/s200/Lily+Martin.jpg" width="166" /></a><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">Maternal Grandmother</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Lily Martin, daughter of Harriet Young Martin<br />1894-1920</span></div>
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Lily's sister Viola helped to raise my mother who was a infant when her mother Lily died. Forever grateful to Aunt Viola for being a kind and strong force in the family.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKW9hwWF-gtXj_CtBN-LTIFc0dpD6Vyo2CKFpnMgIZ7PXuwKprPinfPH284FCyKyv4A4orOZWnCSpmPNCL-ZMfCdfp9SMVkJvdgSsgOCEwyjI3UDLpN6H51XeSra66Xar-RqPxuStzazU/s1600/Aunt+Viola.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKW9hwWF-gtXj_CtBN-LTIFc0dpD6Vyo2CKFpnMgIZ7PXuwKprPinfPH284FCyKyv4A4orOZWnCSpmPNCL-ZMfCdfp9SMVkJvdgSsgOCEwyjI3UDLpN6H51XeSra66Xar-RqPxuStzazU/s200/Aunt+Viola.jpg" width="142" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Great Aunt Viola Martin Wynn</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">1889-1954</span></div>
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Paternal Grandmother Sarah Ellen Bass was a stable part of my childhood, in Arkansas. From her I learned to enjoy chicken and dumplings, cornbread and buttermilk, poke sallet, and so much more. From her I learned of her life in SW Arkansas at the turn of the 20th century.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiVxde4W9Qq2s8LKz0ViMG_YIiQNxLYEEDma-E57aFtvtPVTdViY8IwnMOcVFOvy3Ioh1DODv5XRevbyVTW5OEuyEazBer_9Ot7OZYLFTA8L86zOhk8kjdBJOdBvaR-jW05xraFEc2o5k/s1600/Grandma+Sarah+Ellen+Bass+Walton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiVxde4W9Qq2s8LKz0ViMG_YIiQNxLYEEDma-E57aFtvtPVTdViY8IwnMOcVFOvy3Ioh1DODv5XRevbyVTW5OEuyEazBer_9Ot7OZYLFTA8L86zOhk8kjdBJOdBvaR-jW05xraFEc2o5k/s1600/Grandma+Sarah+Ellen+Bass+Walton.jpg" /></a></div>
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Paternal Grandmother</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Sarah Ellen Bass Walton 1887-1978</span></div>
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Her mother, my great grandmother Georgia Ann Houston Bass was the matriarch to a large family clan of Bass, Martin, and Dollarhide families of Sevier County Arkansas.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC8CDW9tNo-PYq0ATw4IzqzOWvhmaEUeRsaFIIkJ0LtuYH1sSkBCFbkKb10Z1SB2kVe2xH6YiT98z3YbaCUgB_DjTOZq_RMe-1BIRu-xkTs4kT2VyvuaqGU2RhyAI4B4CveJ74YV9L-58/s1600/Georgia+Ann+Bass.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC8CDW9tNo-PYq0ATw4IzqzOWvhmaEUeRsaFIIkJ0LtuYH1sSkBCFbkKb10Z1SB2kVe2xH6YiT98z3YbaCUgB_DjTOZq_RMe-1BIRu-xkTs4kT2VyvuaqGU2RhyAI4B4CveJ74YV9L-58/s1600/Georgia+Ann+Bass.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Great grandmother, Georgia Ann Houston Bass</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">1857-1934</span></div>
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My great grandmother Sallie, from the Choctaw Nation, represents goodness, sweetness and love to me. I still miss her gentle soul. I taste the food she made for me, and still smell the sweet aroma of sassafrass.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWjYhBVrg-lXs_Bs13pjjb3p9Vac__4kNZZKlccjDHxHz70XxFe6mAiXr0Yo53mIds-mk8V1m3LipyZyazbKjumwziyued-5v1HgIyu08w4BRhwrv3xdCUWt0bX8sUe5j30FWcIwCvHHw/s1600/Sallie.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWjYhBVrg-lXs_Bs13pjjb3p9Vac__4kNZZKlccjDHxHz70XxFe6mAiXr0Yo53mIds-mk8V1m3LipyZyazbKjumwziyued-5v1HgIyu08w4BRhwrv3xdCUWt0bX8sUe5j30FWcIwCvHHw/s200/Sallie.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Paternal Great Grandmother, Sallie Walton</span></div>
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1863-1961</div>
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There is, lastly the one woman who influenced me the most--my dear mother, Pauline. My mother is my heart. From her I learned kindness, gentleness, and the power of a simple smile. Because of her I developed a profound love of books, music and all things beautiful. Her personality and spirit live with me today.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEike7GBzE_NHwu4IFPJFL8vUSyYOuYNrHOn7g5CG7KIcS7LwK8DKIPqtQym91q934YAV1R4948OqsObm_-b0AWrhaoM-e9Y1eEQpP-9_R-g5JTbF0qDueE22eqw7XZHyamFPJh7zCu7A6w/s1600/Pauline+Walton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEike7GBzE_NHwu4IFPJFL8vUSyYOuYNrHOn7g5CG7KIcS7LwK8DKIPqtQym91q934YAV1R4948OqsObm_-b0AWrhaoM-e9Y1eEQpP-9_R-g5JTbF0qDueE22eqw7XZHyamFPJh7zCu7A6w/s1600/Pauline+Walton.jpg" /></a></div>
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On this day in which all women are honored--<b>International Women's Day</b>, I am grateful for the women who influenced my life. I treasure them, and honor them. <br /><br />It is often said that women are the culture bearers of the family. From these dear women, I owe so much for it they shaped the cultural framework in which I live and they polished the lens through which I see life, All of them made me who I am. </div>
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May they all rest in peace and from time to time, may they smile upon me, and may I share their wisdom to those that follow.</div>
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<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-30480778176503375892017-03-01T21:53:00.004-08:002017-03-01T22:22:48.181-08:00Former President's Slave "Driven Away" <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjmJtbBzRfKut4ldmmjxZmJvdG1_6aHqx-W2f3OjGly5ZvgsUopiUUNpNZJiNabmRjZqfWWmtuOie7k-3y-SCZNf4SPPzbieA6w-CoFHw7pUP-JbmLM1dCRHeqTCxcnvlBWnL7FrM8CHg/s1600/Complaints+Grenada+Mississippi+Field+Office+5+Pres+Polks+Slave.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="107" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjmJtbBzRfKut4ldmmjxZmJvdG1_6aHqx-W2f3OjGly5ZvgsUopiUUNpNZJiNabmRjZqfWWmtuOie7k-3y-SCZNf4SPPzbieA6w-CoFHw7pUP-JbmLM1dCRHeqTCxcnvlBWnL7FrM8CHg/s320/Complaints+Grenada+Mississippi+Field+Office+5+Pres+Polks+Slave.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">(Accessed from Family Search, Grenada Mississippi Field Office Reel 19 Image 25 out of 128)<br />Miscellaneous Complaints, Grenada Mississippi Field Office<br />National Archives Publication M1907, Reel 19, Registers of Complaints</span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>"Adlen Willsen (col'd) 78 years of age formerly servant of James K. Polk late President of the United States, for whom he worked 35 years, has now in his old age been driven off, being of no further use, is destitute and unable to support himself and wife applied for medical aid and assistance."</b></span></i></div>
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The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned lands tells many stories. Records from this agency known commonly as the Freedmen's Bureau, reflect the years of struggle and survival of many people once enslaved, trying to find their way through a hostile south, that now despised them. This was especially especially the case once freedom was declared and the practice of chattel slavery was abolished. The Bureau records reflect some of their struggles, and among many, are the stories of the elderly and how they fared after the war, and in their early days of freedom.</div>
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Amid the documents from Grenada Mississippi Field Office of the Bureau, an unusual notation appeared among a list of complaints. An elderly man found his way to the Grenada Mississippi Field Office. According to the notations made, the man was once affiliated with a former president of the United States.<br />
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He had been enslaved for many years by President James K. Polk. It is well known that Polk held slaves while he served in office but it is not known how many. Upon his death, in 1849, it is said that Polk stated in his will that slaves were to freed upon the death of his wife. Since she did not die until well after the Civil War, those people held as slaves by the former president would have been freed at the end of the Civil War, upon the abolishing of slavery. </div>
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But at the time of Polk's death in 1849, were all of them retained after the president died? Were some of them sold away and only those attending his wife left behind? Was Mr. Wilson the enslaved man, among those still attending her after his death? Those questions remain unanswered.</div>
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The fate of many slaves of presidents has been documented in various places, but finding a document among records of the Freedmen's Bureau, was surprising and also disheartening. The story was simply that Adlin (Alden) Willsen (Wilson), was enslaved in the household of President James K. Polk. But details of his life are not clear and how he ended up in Mississippi is not stated, but the document speaks for itself. He was now an old man, and he had been dismissed from the Polk household, no longer of use to the estate.<br />
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Many questions arise:</div>
1) After slavery ended were all of the former slaves driven away, were only those for whom there was "no use" sent away? <br />
2) Since the president's wife Sarah did not die until 1891, were those who were able-bodied, required to stay with the Polks and tend to her "needs"? <br />
3) Were any of them kept later as paid servants after the war ended?<br />
4) Was Alden Willson sold after the death of the president?<br />
5) Would that have explained his presence now in Mississippi in 1867?<br />
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In some cases there are stories of a close relationship forming between house slaves and their slave masters. Did Polk have such a relationship with Alden Willson? When was he actually "driven away" from the Polk household? Was it during a time before old age affected him or earlier? As he was stated to have been a personal servant to the former president who was long deceased, clearly any personal fondness towards Mr. Wilson by Polk himself, may have been long gone by the time they had to officially release their "servants" from bondage. <br />
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Though much is not well known and little is gleaned from this records, clearly, there is clearly a story to be told.<br />
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This record reflects one of the many tragedies that many faced former slaves, particularly those unable to work due to advance age. He had worked for 35 years for James Polk, but what of his family? Or did he have other relatives to whom he could turn? Were there, perhaps, grown children?</div>
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The records of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen & Abandoned Lands reflect many of these sad cases of the difficulties faced by many during those post-Civil War years. It can only be hoped that Mr. Willson and his wife were reunited perhaps with grown children and later able to live out their remaining years with some degree of stability, safety, and care.<br />
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Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-6285181983222485162017-01-19T21:26:00.000-08:002017-01-21T15:48:41.250-08:00Mapping Slavery in Indian TerritoryI am happy to share something that education has never before reflected. I am happy to introduce the first map reflecting the places in Indian Territory black men, women and children were enslaved.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4-s74iXngfaiYCLAU1irQef49FVJdPze5AMZ5tmJgnkPWn7nNb7u1jsVlzDzJPFjq5izMpTAJCUnFoVQqeFgKIzDY0X7fLk5URGUrBCktDc_I2D6W_ujVCPCS8P89zwMipsNLkNnFb1M/s1600/IT+Slavery+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4-s74iXngfaiYCLAU1irQef49FVJdPze5AMZ5tmJgnkPWn7nNb7u1jsVlzDzJPFjq5izMpTAJCUnFoVQqeFgKIzDY0X7fLk5URGUrBCktDc_I2D6W_ujVCPCS8P89zwMipsNLkNnFb1M/s320/IT+Slavery+Map.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Actual Interactive Map Can Be Accessed <a href="http://www.mappingthefreedmen%27sbureau.com/"><b>HERE</b></a>.</div>
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For over 150 years, countless maps have omitted the presence of slavery in Indian Territory and never have maps been shown to reflect the geographic distribution of slaves within the Five Civilized Tribes. Those tribes specifically are the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Nations. Because slavery is not widely studied west of Arkansas, maps have never reflected this history.<br />
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Until now.<br />
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<b>Background</b><br />
When I see historic maps that reflect slavery in North America, I cannot help but stare at the blank spake right above Texas when I see those maps. But, having ancestors who come from what is now Oklahoma, and knowing that they were enslaved in Indian Territory, I stare at that space, because I know that there <i>were </i>people enslaved in that place, and among them were my own ancestors living in the Choctaw Nation. However, in most texts, the maps always reflect the lands just north of Texas as being a land where slavery was not present. I cannot help but see those historical maps and stare that the big hole in the middle. The "big hole" is the space right above Texas.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhygfx4n6YDgU_aweL83hZs_F4h46CibC0brN9xFtRieaiZ4Ec9LJSkrKqSa_AWppqruHtCwrPcjdTkIU_-DHcUJf2PjMrz_HZXk8vrBqEM705nwFsnprGPMc4mprbEgWiuPFVdB7JA69w/s1600/Slavery+Map.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhygfx4n6YDgU_aweL83hZs_F4h46CibC0brN9xFtRieaiZ4Ec9LJSkrKqSa_AWppqruHtCwrPcjdTkIU_-DHcUJf2PjMrz_HZXk8vrBqEM705nwFsnprGPMc4mprbEgWiuPFVdB7JA69w/s320/Slavery+Map.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Map Showing the Distribution of the Slave Population</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">of the Southern States of the United States Compiled from the Census of 1860</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Washington September, 1861</span></div>
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Map accessed from <a href="http://mappingthenation.com/index.php/chapter/index/4"><b>Mapping the Nation</b></a></div>
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The map above is the "MASTER" of slavery maps. It was created in 1861 by the US Coastal Survey and was compiled from census data. It is also the map that was presented to President Lincoln to illustrated the prevalence of slavery in the southern states. (A zoom-able version of this map can be found <a href="http://www.slate.com/content/dam/slate/blogs/the_vault/2013/09/4/BigSlaveryMap.jpg">HERE.</a>)</div>
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There are other maps such as the one below that fall into the category of "historical geography" that were used to share a policy and where the effects of that policy prevailed. But again, in that map one sees Arkansas, then a vertical line skirting around Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) and into Texas. The map was used to show the "curse of slavery". But the "curse" did extend west, directly into Indian Territory.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX9sxaglvRevT2_LAuaksgzrBJUWLq3zqpvykT7rfRnJgdsNdVLYa0rQLcMSzrWNl2LwHRUd0EGkq4G_ixlbp-5kSdxq1we-moaIf-mZI6iHQLJ4cy6R6eJSG_23hU4xl530mmFvCEOEc/s1600/Historical+Geography.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX9sxaglvRevT2_LAuaksgzrBJUWLq3zqpvykT7rfRnJgdsNdVLYa0rQLcMSzrWNl2LwHRUd0EGkq4G_ixlbp-5kSdxq1we-moaIf-mZI6iHQLJ4cy6R6eJSG_23hU4xl530mmFvCEOEc/s320/Historical+Geography.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Accessed from <a href="http://mappingthenation.com/index.php/viewer/index/2/12">Mapping the Nation</a></div>
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Map by John F. Smith, in the Library of Congress "Historical Geography" Map, 1888</div>
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Now it can be said that the number of enslaved people in Indian Territory was not as high as it was in states like Mississippi, or Alabama. And one might be able to say that the old maps are not wholly <i>inaccurate</i> since there may have been less than 10 percent of the total population was enslaved in Indian Territory. However--that percentage, also cannot be proven, because only free whites and free blacks were recorded in Indian Territory in the 1860 population census. And the Indian population was not tabulated at all in the regular population census at that time. <b>But</b>--there <i>was</i> a census made of the enslaved population--and the slave holders--the Indian slaveholders were listed along with the people whom they enslaved. And the communities were they lived are shown. They were included as part of the Arkansas Slave schedules.<br />
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The Arkansas Slave schedule is found on National Archive microfilm population M653 Roll 54. All of the Arkansas counties are listed on the reel of microfilm. Following Yell county, the list of enslaved people in Indian Territory begins.<br />
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There are 865 images on that reel of microfilm. On that record, there were slave holders such as <a href="http://african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/2011/01/on-cannot-erase-history-of-ones-past.html">Cherokee Chief John Ross</a>, or <a href="http://african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/2010/11/old-choctaw-plantation-part-of-oklahoma.html">Choctaw leader Robert Jones</a> who owned hundreds of Black people as slaves.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAXhDgpLGGQjECX9IxDc7JZrBMt0KWc7hxKa17Nlic-Ra1FGC0eKpXtstfReoxGp0hcCGyXccdjLHWAX4WBJ3Ec6BjUXfztVC5hWzBrCVS-MWaMaGPBfLBWnthGsq1Gsxs33RTX2XfYk8/s1600/John+Ross+Slaves+partial.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="204" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAXhDgpLGGQjECX9IxDc7JZrBMt0KWc7hxKa17Nlic-Ra1FGC0eKpXtstfReoxGp0hcCGyXccdjLHWAX4WBJ3Ec6BjUXfztVC5hWzBrCVS-MWaMaGPBfLBWnthGsq1Gsxs33RTX2XfYk8/s320/John+Ross+Slaves+partial.bmp" width="320" /></a></div>
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Yet countless maps omit the presence of slavery in Indian Territory and never have maps been shown reflecting the geographic distribution of slaves within the Five Civilized Tribes. Those tribes specifically are the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Nations. Maps have never reflected this in textbooks. Until now.<br />
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For the most part, it is not generally taught that slavery even occurred in Indian Territory. That oversight has made the omission of slavery in the Territory easy to overlook in the American historical narrative. However, slavery <i>did</i> occur in the territory, and it was real, it was painful, and there were runaways, slave uprisings, and efforts among the enslaved to become free from bondage. Therefore, the more I studied maps and records, the more I saw a need to see a map reflecting the land of my own ancestors--the enslaved people of Indian Territory.<br />
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Finally thanks to the technology of Google Maps, and using the 1860 slave schedule, a new map reflecting slavery in Indian Territory has been made.<br />
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<b>The New Map </b>This new map has made a part of the interactive map on the website, <a href="http://www.mappingthefreedmensbureau.com/">"Mapping the Freedmen's Bureau."</a> By using Google maps, the markers are placed to coincide with the communities that were clearly defined in the 1860 slave schedule. The markers are also placed accurately with the appropriate geographic coordinates. By using Google Maps the markers reflect the actual community where the enslaved families were held. In the years after freedom, many people remained in the same communities especially during the first years of freedom, so this map also represents these families in both slavery and freedom. And there was an extremely large contraband camp at Fort Gibson, and that encampment site is also marked on the map.<br />
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Some Indian tribal Freedmen were even captured in the collection of records from the <a href="http://african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/2015/06/freedmens-bureau-served-indian.html">Freedmen's Bureau</a>. Many lived close to the Arkansas border and used the services of the Bureau in nearby Arkansas. The Fort Smith Bureau reflected <a href="http://african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/2015/06/freedmens-bureau-served-indian.html">Cherokee citizens appealing to the Freedmen's Bureau</a> for help.<br />
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<b>Contents of the map</b><br />
For this map, the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw nations are more thoroughly reflected. That is because there was a more thorough assessment of the slave holders of the nation. In the Creek Nation, the slave holders and their slaves were recorded, but the different tribal towns were not indicated on the slave schedule, as the slave schedule would simple describe the residence as <i>"Creek Nation, West of Arkansas."</i> As a result a single marker was placed marking Okmulgee the capital of the Creek Nation. Similarly, for the Seminole nation. Seminole leaders such as John Jumper, Billy Bowlegs and others were also slave holders, but the enumerator did not go into Seminole country, and thus a single marker is placed over Wewoka, the capital of the Seminole Nation. When and should a better site with a link appear, additional markers will be added for those two communities.<br />
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<b>When Using the Map</b><br />
The map provides a direct link to the <a href="https://archive.org/stream/populationschedu054unit#page/n761/mode/2up"><b><span id="goog_1002482714"></span>Internet Archive</b><span id="goog_1002482715"></span></a> where one will find the 1860 slave schedule reflecting the people enslaved in Indian Territory communities. (This includes a direct link to the Creek Nation pages as well.) By hovering the mouse or cursor over a marker, a small pop-up window will appear, and that window will contain a link to the exact pages on the <a href="https://archive.org/stream/populationschedu054unit#page/n761/mode/2up"><b>Internet Archive</b></a> that contain the images of the slave schedule reflecting Indian Territory. By clicking on that pop up, the user will find the direct link in the text about the site description.<br />
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<b>About the Slave Record</b><br />
It is noted that the 1860 slave schedule contains the name of the slave holder and the number, gender, and complexion of the enslaved population kept in bondage. The slave schedule can be used in a community study, or an analysis of the age, gender breakdown, and status-whether runaway or still physically held. Though names of the enslaved were not recorded, the record still provides useful data, when compiling the family narrative particularly whether they were part of a large estate, or a small family held by one person.<br />
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<b>In the Cherokee Nation the districts represented are:</b><br />
Canadian<br />
Delaware<br />
Flint<br />
Going Snake<br />
Illinois<br />
Cooweescoowee (Kooweeskoowee)<br />
Saline <br />
Sequoyah<br />
Talequah<br />
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<b>In the Choctaw Nation, the districts represented are:</b><br />
Atoka<br />
Blue<br />
Botuklo<br />
Cedar<br />
Cole<br />
Eagle<br />
Gains<br />
Kiamitia<br />
Red River<br />
Skullyville<br />
Sugar Loaf<br />
Towson<br />
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<b>In the Chickasaw Nation, the districts represented are:</b><br />
Panola<br />
Pickens<br />
Pontotoc<br />
Tishomingo<br />
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<b>In the Creek Nation, the area represented is:</b><br />
Okmulgee<br />
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<b>In the Seminole Nation, the area represented is:</b><br />
Wewoka<br />
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This is the first time that slavery has been "mapped" for Indian Territory, and hopefully in the future, a more thorough representation of the heartbreaking institution of slavery will be shown. Thanks to <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/">Google maps</a>, this story can now more accurately be told, and reflected.<br />
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<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-6936613621602423382017-01-02T19:59:00.002-08:002017-01-02T20:00:16.439-08:00If Only We Could See Their Names - Part 1 <br />
When searching for enslaved ancestors, the first major frustration comes for the first time researcher, when he or she encounters the slave schedule in the 1860 and 1850 census for the first time. The shock to the researcher is that the "slave census" does not contain the names of the slaves. Only the name of the slave holder is recorded. That is also the first time that one encounters the reality of slaver and its horror---the ancestors were not considered to be people worthy of names. They were simply property and their presence as enslaved people only meant that they would be counted, just as cattle, horses, and other livestock.<br />
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And usually upon that discovery, the researcher heaves a very heavy sigh, exclaiming, <b><i>"if only we knew their names."</i></b><br />
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And so it goes. But several years ago, while in Chicago attending a conference, I met Belzora Cheatham who was anxious to share a find! One line of her family is from Bowie County Texas and she had just found them on the 1850 slave schedule. With their names!<br />
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The document was one of those amazing errors in the census that many whose ancestors were enslaved, wish we could find. The error was a wonderful one---the enumerator wrote the names of the enslaved people--all of them!<br />
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I have thought of Ms. Cheatham many times over the years and several years ago, I looked at the records myself, and wrote a piece about them. I recently looked at that small collection of records from District 8 of Bowie County, and decided to write another article, because of its significance.<br />
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We recently celebrated the indexing of the Freedmen's Bureau records and how important we can now look at the years between 1865 and 1870 and learn about our ancestors in the early days of freedom. But this slave schedule is equally significant--although it reflects a tiny community---this is 15 years <i>before</i> freedom, and this provides a rare glimpse at people still enslaved, and their names can be called.</div>
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So many of us find the slave schedules for the first time, and then sigh in frustration noting that only the names of the slave holders are recorded. For those who survived enslavement and who lived to see freedom--it would be 20 years before their names would be in print again on a census. And for some--who did live to be free, this is the only piece of evidence that they ever lived. <br />
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A few years ago I wrote a small article about this collection, but I only included a few images. But upon reflection of the fact that for some--their names would never appear in a census as free people, and in light of our focus on celebrating everyone, enslaved and free, I have decided to include this larger article and share all 23 of the pages. So therefore, I am submitting this two-part piece reflecting the names of the enslaved population, sharing the images themselves. The district was not a large one, and therefore they deserve to be seen, by all.<br />
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The images reflect District 8, of Bowie County, Texas. There are only 23 pages reflected in this slave schedule, and all will be shared on this blog. The first 12 are shared below. (Part 2 will reflect the remaining pages.)<br />
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1850 Slave Schedule<br />
Bowie County, Texas, District 8<br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Ancestry.com. </span><i style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;">1850 U.S. Federal Census - Slave Schedules</i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif;"> [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;" /><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif;">Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. </span><i style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start;">Seventh Census of the United States, 1850</i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif;">. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1850. M432</span></b></span></div>
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It is clear upon looking at the images that some severe water damage occurred on the pages of the census book. This is most unfortunate, as in many of the pages,the names have simply vanished with the dampness, dissolving the lettering.</div>
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As one moves through the pages some of the water damage appears to lessen. And in some places on the page the names of the enslaved people can be read through the water stains. </div>
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Though the water stains are still there, hopefully others new to the process will still look at the names of these people who lived during a trying time. My hope is that most did survive and live to breathe the air of freedom.</div>
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<b>End of Part 1</b></div>
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Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-11640694131325631542016-11-08T12:01:00.001-08:002016-11-08T12:04:12.458-08:00Honoring the Ancestral Voters and Committing to Voting Today<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj1ECht4nglym-nK5wTSSAV0tGeh_fgaY9TN-T5dics6OIR4HIcjsvOQyrx0kvp_hYEeGy-lPAAmM6w6c_x85xDBYXuq4w9H_OS15jllmU0Zi2g91VUGnbMcurSW9MlNT18cXCMdpoQWs/s1600/Freedmen+Vote+TX.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj1ECht4nglym-nK5wTSSAV0tGeh_fgaY9TN-T5dics6OIR4HIcjsvOQyrx0kvp_hYEeGy-lPAAmM6w6c_x85xDBYXuq4w9H_OS15jllmU0Zi2g91VUGnbMcurSW9MlNT18cXCMdpoQWs/s320/Freedmen+Vote+TX.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Source of Image: <a href="http://afrotexan.com/Republican/">AfroTexan</a></span></div>
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Did my ancestor's vote? I have evidence that many of them did, and so did many freed people take advantage of their ability to participate in a process denied to them for centuries.<br />
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Well, one of the treasure in researching my Bass family is that of an 1867 voting record, of Uncle Napier Bass. He is the first of many cousins bearing his name. He was taken to Texas in 1860 from Elkton Tennessee. He remained there after freedom, and made Fayette County Texas his home. His name appears on a Voter Registration document from the county that was made in 1867. His name on this record reflects the first time an ancestor's name appears on a record reflecting his having been a voter. It is therfore, fitting that on election day that I share this image.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjasfRbckPJ9OoLtEJ2rh28kxX0NRFEs-OyAMGAPc6_eMMGTpy83nVW2wt3ygBfChwv08MNPYJYcyfRY3o4ERHXMThHyZoYBucNFCDvnQXp4Rhpk4rFhO-nZXjxkEKZ0PKPERyLCFtk_vs/s1600/NapierBassVoterList3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjasfRbckPJ9OoLtEJ2rh28kxX0NRFEs-OyAMGAPc6_eMMGTpy83nVW2wt3ygBfChwv08MNPYJYcyfRY3o4ERHXMThHyZoYBucNFCDvnQXp4Rhpk4rFhO-nZXjxkEKZ0PKPERyLCFtk_vs/s320/NapierBassVoterList3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>The oldest document reflecting one of my ancestors as a registered voter.</b></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Texas, Voter Registration Lists, 1867-1869 Fayette County</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Image Source: </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1867 Voter Registration Lists. Microfilm, 12 rolls. <br />Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas.<br />Accessed from <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/">Ancestry</a>.</span></span></div>
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Having cast my ballot this morning, I feel a remarkable sense of relief. So glad that what has been an 18 month process with early televised debates, I am so happy that it is finally coming to an end. And this year's process has been remarkably disturbing with one candidate offending almost every segment of society. The candidate of hate (who shall not be named) has made this a frightening time for me and for those whom I love to be in this country, has made me fearful of the future. As a person of color the hateful tone of this election season and the support of the candidate of hate, reflects widespread support for a bigoted man. And more disturbing has been to see the support even coming from those who once had my respect, and this has been most unsettling. I know now that I might not be safe around them. I shall have to note more closely my movements and associations in the future.<br />
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Harper's Weekly, November 16, 1867 p. 1<br />Sketch by A. R. Waud</b></span></div>
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However today, after casting my ballot, I feel a sense of relief and calm. <br />
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The long lines this morning were comforting to see. Heavy voting suggests that the people have a voice and they are determined to see that some good things will happen and that some things will not happen. And I am grateful for those leaders of the past that made the past two elections possible.<br />
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Image from <a href="http://www.voterparticipation.org/">www.voterparticipation.org</a></b></span></div>
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As many of my friends and relatives in the south only got to vote in the 1960s, I also think of the many who were terrorized, beaten, and killed for simply trying to vote. They are honored every time that I vote, and I am humbled when I think of them.</div>
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And as a woman, I am also humbled. I think of the many who fought for voting rights for many years, and who also suffered. Women like Fannie Lou Hamer, endured beatings and who fought nevertheless for voting rights in Mississippi. She dared to tell her story to all in 1968. Yet, many who saw her speak then, still defend their support of a hate filled candidate (who shall not be named) who wishes to go back to the "great days" that were not so great for people of color, when Fannie would be beaten for her work.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-5y7AtnICvmf6cPzvRO8nMHv7BjieAx5wbEx-nwnYOddHJe0azw2GoDZDii-QHGvJG9FzvnGxgW2Lz-iprACfapZcG7k1KgnWu4ZDEH_UpAULpLqjNsnpff6suGxpvCPH87xIpRNx7Zg/s1600/Fannie+Lou+Hamer2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-5y7AtnICvmf6cPzvRO8nMHv7BjieAx5wbEx-nwnYOddHJe0azw2GoDZDii-QHGvJG9FzvnGxgW2Lz-iprACfapZcG7k1KgnWu4ZDEH_UpAULpLqjNsnpff6suGxpvCPH87xIpRNx7Zg/s320/Fannie+Lou+Hamer2.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Fannie Lou Hamer at the Democratic Convention in 1968</span></b></div>
<br />
And I think of the women also who further back in time fought and marched so that women could also vote. The women were truly souls of courage and grace, deserving our respect and honor. From the unknown suffragettes such as Hattie Redmond of Oregon to the well known Susan B. Anthony, I was truly honored to vote today.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhozpyZ9JDM9Wa_kgP9jbfEEDii2x5Od_unqlX2y4LWfWIax87N_Bsy_XDdjaGNjGqv-KoQRKw5Ss1tNlAADP0UmWGXkeHVoBrfEWJY7op4juDFWiUejz4QOvVKGKZBHCddgpMQIczTahU/s1600/Hattie+Redmond.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhozpyZ9JDM9Wa_kgP9jbfEEDii2x5Od_unqlX2y4LWfWIax87N_Bsy_XDdjaGNjGqv-KoQRKw5Ss1tNlAADP0UmWGXkeHVoBrfEWJY7op4juDFWiUejz4QOvVKGKZBHCddgpMQIczTahU/s200/Hattie+Redmond.jpg" width="129" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Lesser known Hattie Redmon, suffragette in Oregon<br />Source of Image: <a href="https://oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/redmond_harriet_hattie/#.WCIY0fkrI2w">Oregon Encyclopedia</a></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
And the most moving image of the day has been watching a live broadcast of people in Rochester New York, visiting the grave of Susan B. Anthony. On a day in which a woman's name is on the ballot for president, it is fitting that on a day when history is being made, to see people visiting her grave, and thanking her for her work. This has truly moved me.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1gl_0DGRNUpxBCzlAhkvElhdTCdNxt3ldOoUoUDxfJ2bLfgjHsbE8GjqmHVTjRfGDlhNBkzwiZO5oba-R_3LPB3AdKQlEv-YwivSZmkNlvUKUCcuSAsJnowm7gcA2zyDOMe-NBcgpkHs/s1600/Susan+B.+Anthony.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1gl_0DGRNUpxBCzlAhkvElhdTCdNxt3ldOoUoUDxfJ2bLfgjHsbE8GjqmHVTjRfGDlhNBkzwiZO5oba-R_3LPB3AdKQlEv-YwivSZmkNlvUKUCcuSAsJnowm7gcA2zyDOMe-NBcgpkHs/s320/Susan+B.+Anthony.jpg" width="202" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Image from Live Feed of Visitors to Susan B. Anthony Grave<br />(Courtesy of WROC-TV. Rochester NY)</span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
I reflect and know that recent efforts by an obstructionist Congress to suppress the 14th Amendment and the 15th Amendment have been disheartening to say the least and destructive to the country, and their efforts have instilled fear in my heart. My sense of safety and well being have been affected by such blatant racism and hatred being shown by elected leaders.<br />
<br />
But for some reason, I now have a feeling now of optimism and that the nation has seen the evil emanating through endorsement of hate coming forth, and I pray that they will stop the descent and rise. <br />
<br />
The long lines at the polls today told me that the suffering of the 1960s were not in vain. The long lines told me that when we speak through our vote, we shine, and we can win.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
What an awesome power lies within one's ability to vote. I feel therefore inspired to share a few images from the past of people once denied, finally exercising this incredible task of voting. It is a right and a responsibility to make a nation better. And it is a responsibility to keep it from back-sliding into a era of blind intolerance, bigotry and racial superiority.<br />
<br />
The heinousness of it all can and will be blocked by the actions of a people who will not allow it to happen.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWKy3B9Of_gGtPF4QBuWA8-TS0KgwDZl5gNAM2UmePyhSilNP7POrzVcJ-rWgEO0_7rSoFMTyuwSrcMdjhMvKTBA0ove55Rwz3qHRneqpqbb5JNLP2Gv2VbNWxOgB4OyhtjREEtBkwqMY/s1600/I+Voted.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWKy3B9Of_gGtPF4QBuWA8-TS0KgwDZl5gNAM2UmePyhSilNP7POrzVcJ-rWgEO0_7rSoFMTyuwSrcMdjhMvKTBA0ove55Rwz3qHRneqpqbb5JNLP2Gv2VbNWxOgB4OyhtjREEtBkwqMY/s1600/I+Voted.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
I care, therefore I vote!</div>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-90823692349841036502016-09-09T15:41:00.006-07:002016-09-10T18:41:20.044-07:00New Season, New Ideas, New Directions: Black Pro Gen<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s1600/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s320/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Black Pro Gen LIVE New Features</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Well a new season is here, and new ideas that have been simmering are arising. So thrilled to share with everyone the new season and some new strategies to work with beginning genealogists and seasoned ones to find the ancestors and break through the challenges we call "brick walls."<br />
<br />
Black Pro Gen is a community of African American Professional Genealogists who work together, sharing ideas and strategies. There are quite a few of us out there ready to assist others, and to share ideas with each other as well. <br />
<br />
For the past year, there have been regular Black Pro Gen Hangouts - which are live discussions viewed by an audience listening to a fascinating dialogue about research strategies. If you missed them, you can find them on YouTube. Each Hangout session is devoted to a theme---some are focused on various states and resources, and other new features.<br />
<br />
As Google is making changes, the Hangouts are now to be known at LIVE, and Black Pro Gen is joining the fun. But in addition to that some new features will be added to the Black Pro Gen events.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<i style="font-weight: bold;">ASK MARIAH</i><br />
<br />
Do you have a genealogy brick wall? Is there something that you can't figure out from your many records? Or are you looking for a suggestion on where to go next with your research? If this description fits you, then you may get some help if you <b>"Ask Mariah"</b>. This is a new feature that will be part of Black Pro Gen LIVE. Throughout the year, this group of researchers, gather online to discuss projects, or to explore a common topic and to offer suggestions and strategies to each other. Simply submit your questions to me@whoisnickasmith.com, or to AngelaW859@aol.com, and we will answer them on Black Pro Gen LIVE! Put <u><b>Ask Mariah</b></u> in the subject line.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><b>ANCESTRY MAKERS</b></i><br />
<br />
How can you as a regular person have your genealogy done by professionals? Well Black Pro Gen, will have your genealogy done by professionals free of charge. If you are selected, you only have to be a guest on the BlackProGen Hangout, and find out the results of their research conducted for you. Why not let the team of professional genealogists on Black Pro Gen LIVE do the work? If your project is selected, the reveal will be made to you and your family LIVE online in one of the Black Pro Gen Hangouts. If this interests you, send an email to <a href="mailto:me@whoisnickasmith.com">Nicka Smith</a> and she will follow up with you about your research interest. <br />
<br />
Both services are offered for free.<br />
<br />
Here are members of the BlackProGen community and where you can find their blogs and websites:<br />
<br />
<b>Name: Website</b><br />
<br />
Bernice A. Bennett <b><a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">Research at the National Archives and Beyond</a></b><br />
<br />
Linda Buggs Simms <a href="http://www.mississippirooted.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mississippi Rooted</a><br />
<br />
Toni Carrier <a href="http://www.lowcountryafricana.com/"><b>Low Country Africana</b></a><br />
<br />
Melvin Collier <b><a href="http://www.mississippitoafrica.com/">Mississippi to Africa</a>, <a href="http://rootsrevealed.blogspot.com/">Roots Revealed</a></b><br />
<br />
Vicky Daviss-Mitchell <a href="http://mariahszepher.blogspot.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mariah's Zepher</a><br />
<br />
Ellen Fernandez-Sacco <b><a href="http://babiloniafamilyhistory.blogspot.com/">Babilonia Family History</a></b><br />
<br />
George Geder <a href="http://www.gederwrites.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Geder Writes</a><br />
<br />
Taneya Koonce <b><a href="http://www.taneya-kalonji.com/genblog/">Taneya's Genealogy Blog</a></b><br />
<br />
True Lewis <b><a href="http://www.mytrueroots.blogspot.com/">Notes to Myself</a></b><br />
<br />
James Morgan III<b> </b><a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/196752950689146/" style="font-weight: bold;">Afr. American Fraternal and Benevolent Society History</a><br />
<br />
Shelley Murphy <a href="https://familytreegirl.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Family Tree Girl</a><br />
<br />
Drusilla Pair <b><a href="http://www.findyourfolks.com/">Find Your Folks</a><br /></b><br />
Renate Yarborough-Sanders<b> <a href="http://www.justthinking130.blogspot.com/">Into The Light</a></b><br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/"><b>African Roots Podcast</b></a>, <a href="http://www.myancestorsname.blogspot.com/"><b>My Ancestor's Name</b></a>, <b><a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-NatAm</a>.</b><br />
<br />
Nicka Smith <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/"><b>Who is Nicka Smith</b></a>, <a href="http://www.atlasfamily.org/"><b>Atlas Family</b></a><br />
<br />
Teresa Vega <a href="http://www.radiantrootsboricuabranches.com/"><b>Radiant Roots, Boricua Branches</b></a><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Next year promises to be an exciting year and we hope that you will join all of us!<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pQjaBYKDiRs" width="560"></iframe>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-62252840820013101712016-09-09T15:41:00.005-07:002016-09-10T08:19:35.727-07:00New Season, New Ideas, New Directions: Black Pro Gen<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s1600/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s320/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Black Pro Gen LIVE New Features</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Well a new season is here, and new ideas that have been simmering are arising. So thrilled to share with everyone the new season and some new strategies to work with beginning genealogists and seasoned ones to find the ancestors and break through the challenges we call "brick walls."<br />
<br />
Black Pro Gen is a community of African American Professional Genealogists who work together, sharing ideas and strategies. There are quite a few of us out there ready to assist others, and to share ideas with each other as well. <br />
<br />
For the past year, there have been regular Black Pro Gen Hangouts - which are live discussions viewed by an audience listening to a fascinating dialogue about research strategies. If you missed them, you can find them on YouTube. Each Hangout session is devoted to a theme---some are focused on various states and resources, and other new features.<br />
<br />
As Google is making changes, the Hangouts are now to be known at LIVE, and Black Pro Gen is joining the fun. But in addition to that some new features will be added to the Black Pro Gen events.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<i style="font-weight: bold;">ASK MARIAH</i><br />
<br />
Do you have a genealogy brick wall? Is there something that you can't figure out from your many records? Or are you looking for a suggestion on where to go next with your research? If this description fits you, then you may get some help if you <b>"Ask Mariah"</b>. This is a new feature that will be part of Black Pro Gen LIVE. Throughout the year, this group of researchers, gather online to discuss projects, or to explore a common topic and to offer suggestions and strategies to each other. Simply submit your questions to me@whoisnickasmith.com, or to AngelaW859@aol.com, and we will answer them on Black Pro Gen LIVE! Put <u><b>Ask Mariah</b></u> in the subject line.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><b>ANCESTRY MAKERS</b></i><br />
<br />
How can you as a regular person have your genealogy done by professionals? Well Black Pro Gen, will have your genealogy done by professionals free of charge. If you are selected, you only have to be a guest on the BlackProGen Hangout, and find out the results of their research conducted for you. Why not let the team of professional genealogists on Black Pro Gen LIVE do the work? If your project is selected, the reveal will be made to you and your family LIVE online in one of the Black Pro Gen Hangouts. If this interests you, send an email to <a href="mailto:me@whoisnickasmith.com">Nicka Smith</a> and she will follow up with you about your research interest. <br />
<br />
Both services are offered for free.<br />
<br />
Here are members of the BlackProGen community and where you can find their blogs and websites:<br />
<br />
<b>Name: Website</b><br />
<br />
Bernice A. Bennett <b><a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">Research at the National Archives and Beyond</a></b><br />
<br />
Linda Buggs Simms <a href="http://www.mississippirooted.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mississippi Rooted</a><br /><br />Toni Carrier <a href="http://www.lowcountryafricana.com/"><b>Low Country Africana</b></a><br />
<br />
Melvin Collier <b><a href="http://www.mississippitoafrica.com/">Mississippi to Africa</a>, <a href="http://rootsrevealed.blogspot.com/">Roots Revealed</a></b><br />
<br />
Vicky Daviss-Mitchell <a href="http://mariahszepher.blogspot.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mariah's Zepher</a><br />
<br />
Ellen Fernandez-Sacco <b><a href="http://babiloniafamilyhistory.blogspot.com/">Babilonia Family History</a></b><br />
<br />
George Geder <a href="http://www.gederwrites.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Geder Writes</a><br />
<br />
Taneya Koonce <b><a href="http://www.taneya-kalonji.com/genblog/">Taneya's Genealogy Blog</a></b><br />
<br />
True Lewis <b><a href="http://www.mytrueroots.blogspot.com/">Notes to Myself</a></b><br />
<br />
James Morgan III<b> </b><a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/196752950689146/" style="font-weight: bold;">Afr. American Fraternal and Benevolent Society History</a><br />
<br />
Shelley Murphy <a href="https://familytreegirl.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Family Tree Girl</a><br />
<br />
Drusilla Pair <b><a href="http://www.findyourfolks.com/">Find Your Folks</a></b><br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/"><b>African Roots Podcast</b></a>, <a href="http://www.myancestorsname.blogspot.com/"><b>My Ancestor's Name</b></a>, <b><a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-NatAm</a>.</b><br />
<br />
Nicka Smith <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/"><b>Who is Nicka Smith</b></a>, <a href="http://www.atlasfamily.org/"><b>Atlas Family</b></a><br />
<br />
Teresa Vega <a href="http://www.radiantrootsboricuabranches.com/"><b>Radiant Roots, Boricua Branches</b></a><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Next year promises to be an exciting year and we hope that you will join all of us!<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pQjaBYKDiRs" width="560"></iframe>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-91106966101655098932016-09-09T15:41:00.004-07:002016-09-09T16:22:44.295-07:00New Season, New Ideas, New Directions: Black Pro Gen<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s1600/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s320/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Black Pro Gen LIVE New Features</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Well a new season is here, and new ideas that have been simmering are arising. So thrilled to share with everyone the new season and some new strategies to work with beginning genealogists and seasoned ones to find the ancestors and break through the challenges we call "brick walls."<br />
<br />
Black Pro Gen is a community of African American Professional Genealogists who work together, sharing ideas and strategies. There are quite a few of us out there ready to assist others, and to share ideas with each other as well. <br />
<br />
For the past year, there have been regular Black Pro Gen Hangouts - which are live discussions viewed by an audience listening to a fascinating dialogue about research strategies. If you missed them, you can find them on YouTube. Each Hangout session is devoted to a theme---some are focused on various states and resources, and other new features.<br />
<br />
As Google is making changes, the Hangouts are now to be known at LIVE, and Black Pro Gen is joining the fun. But in addition to that some new features will be added to the Black Pro Gen events.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<i style="font-weight: bold;">ASK MARIAH</i><br />
<br />
Do you have a genealogy brick wall? Is there something that you can't figure out from your many records? Or are you looking for a suggestion on where to go next with your research? If this description fits you, then you may get some help if you <b>"Ask Mariah"</b>. This is a new feature that will be part of Black Pro Gen LIVE. Throughout the year, this group of researchers, gather online to discuss projects, or to explore a common topic and to offer suggestions and strategies to each other. Simply submit your questions to me@whoisnickasmith.com, or to AngelaW859@aol.com, and we will answer them on Black Pro Gen LIVE! Put <u><b>Ask Mariah</b></u> in the subject line.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><b>ANCESTRY MAKERS</b></i><br />
<br />
How can you as a regular person have your genealogy done by professionals? Well Black Pro Gen, will have your genealogy done by professionals free of charge. If you are selected, you only have to be a guest on the BlackProGen Hangout, and find out the results of their research conducted for you. Why not let the team of professional genealogists on Black Pro Gen LIVE do the work? If your project is selected, the reveal will be made to you and your family LIVE online in one of the Black Pro Gen Hangouts. If this interests you, send an email to <a href="mailto:me@whoisnickasmith.com">Nicka Smith</a> and she will follow up with you about your research interest. <br />
<br />
Both services are offered for free.<br />
<br />
Here are members of the BlackProGen community and where you can find their blogs and websites:<br />
<br />
<b>Name: Website</b><br />
<br />
Bernice A. Bennett <b><a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">Research at the National Archives and Beyond</a></b><br />
<br />
Linda Buggs Simms <b><a href="http://www.mississippirooted.com/">Mississippi Rooted</a></b><br />
<br />
Melvin Collier <b><a href="http://www.mississippitoafrica.com/">Mississippi to Africa</a>, <a href="http://rootsrevealed.blogspot.com/">Roots Revealed</a></b><br />
<br />
Vicky Daviss-Mitchell <a href="http://mariahszepher.blogspot.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mariah's Zepher</a><br />
<br />
Ellen Fernandez-Sacco <b><a href="http://babiloniafamilyhistory.blogspot.com/">Babilonia Family History</a></b><br />
<br />
George Geder <a href="http://www.gederwrites.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Geder Writes</a><br />
<br />
Taneya Koonce <b><a href="http://www.taneya-kalonji.com/genblog/">Taneya's Genealogy Blog</a></b><br />
<br />
True Lewis <b><a href="http://www.mytrueroots.blogspot.com/">Notes to Myself</a></b><br />
<br />
James Morgan III<b> </b><a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/196752950689146/" style="font-weight: bold;">Afr. American Fraternal and Benevolent Society History</a><br />
<br />
Shelley Murphy <a href="https://familytreegirl.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Family Tree Girl</a><br />
<br />
Drusilla Pair <b><a href="http://www.findyourfolks.com/">Find Your Folks</a></b><br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/"><b>African Roots Podcast</b></a>, <a href="http://www.myancestorsname.blogspot.com/"><b>My Ancestor's Name</b></a>, <b><a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-NatAm</a>.</b><br />
<br />
Nicka Smith <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/"><b>Who is Nicka Smith</b></a>, <a href="http://www.atlasfamily.org/"><b>Atlas Family</b></a><br />
<br />
Teresa Vega <a href="http://www.radiantrootsboricuabranches.com/"><b>Radiant Roots, Boricua Branches</b></a><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Next year promises to be an exciting year and we hope that you will join all of us!<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pQjaBYKDiRs" width="560"></iframe>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-87126650708039553022016-09-09T15:41:00.003-07:002018-01-29T19:09:19.597-08:00New Season, New Ideas, New Directions: Black Pro Gen<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s1600/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s320/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Black Pro Gen LIVE New Features</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Well a new season is here, and new ideas that have been simmering are arising. So thrilled to share with everyone the new season and some new strategies to work with beginning genealogists and seasoned ones to find the ancestors and break through the challenges we call "brick walls."<br />
<br />
Black Pro Gen is a community of African American Professional Genealogists who work together, sharing ideas and strategies. There are quite a few of us out there ready to assist others, and to share ideas with each other as well. <br />
<br />
For the past year, there have been regular Black Pro Gen Hangouts - which are live discussions viewed by an audience listening to a fascinating dialogue about research strategies. If you missed them, you can find them on YouTube. Each Hangout session is devoted to a theme---some are focused on various states and resources, and other new features.<br />
<br />
As Google is making changes, the Hangouts are now to be known at LIVE, and Black Pro Gen is joining the fun. But in addition to that some new features will be added to the Black Pro Gen events.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<i style="font-weight: bold;">ASK MARIAH</i><br />
<br />
Do you have a genealogy brick wall? Is there something that you can't figure out from your many records? Or are you looking for a suggestion on where to go next with your research? If this description fits you, then you may get some help if you <b>"Ask Mariah"</b>. This is a new feature that will be part of Black Pro Gen LIVE. Throughout the year, this group of researchers, gather online to discuss projects, or to explore a common topic and to offer suggestions and strategies to each other. Simply submit your questions to me@whoisnickasmith.com, or to AngelaW859@aol.com, and we will answer them on Black Pro Gen LIVE! Put <u><b>Ask Mariah</b></u> in the subject line.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><b>ANCESTRY MAKERS</b></i><br />
<br />
How can you as a regular person have your genealogy done by professionals? Well Black Pro Gen, will have your genealogy done by professionals free of charge. If you are selected, you only have to be a guest on the BlackProGen Hangout, and find out the results of their research conducted for you. Why not let the team of professional genealogists on Black Pro Gen LIVE do the work? If your project is selected, the reveal will be made to you and your family LIVE online in one of the Black Pro Gen Hangouts. If this interests you, send an email to <a href="mailto:me@whoisnickasmith.com">Nicka Smith</a> and she will follow up with you about your research interest. <br />
<br />
Both services are offered for free.<br />
<br />
Here are members of the BlackProGen community and where you can find their blogs and websites:<br />
<br />
<b>Name: Website</b><br />
<br />
Bernice A. Bennett <b><a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">Research at the National Archives and Beyond</a></b><br />
<br />
Linda Buggs Simms <b><a href="http://www.mississippirooted.com/">Mississippi Rooted</a></b><br />
<br />
Melvin Collier <b><a href="http://www.mississippitoafrica.com/">Mississippi to Africa</a>, <a href="http://rootsrevealed.blogspot.com/">Roots Revealed</a></b><br />
<br />
Vicky Daviss-Mitchell <a href="http://mariahszepher.blogspot.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mariah's Zepher</a><br />
<br />
Ellen Fernandez-Sacco <b><a href="http://babiloniafamilyhistory.blogspot.com/">Babilonia Family History</a></b><br />
<br />
George Geder <a href="http://www.gederwrites.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Geder Writes</a><br />
<br />
Taneya Koonce <b><a href="http://www.taneya-kalonji.com/genblog/">Taneya's Genealogy Blog</a></b><br />
<br />
James Morgan III<b> </b><a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/196752950689146/" style="font-weight: bold;">Afr. American Fraternal and Benevolent Society History</a><br />
<br />
Shelley Murphy <a href="https://familytreegirl.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Family Tree Girl</a><br />
<br />
Drusilla Pair <a href="http://www.findyourfolks.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Find Your Folks</a><br /><br />Renate Sanders <a href="https://justthinking130.blogspot.com/"><b>Into the Light</b></a><br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/"><b>African Roots Podcast</b></a>, <a href="http://www.myancestorsname.blogspot.com/"><b>My Ancestor's Name</b></a>, <b><a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-NatAm</a>.</b><br />
<br />
Nicka Smith <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/"><b>Who is Nicka Smith</b></a>, <a href="http://www.atlasfamily.org/"><b>Atlas Family</b></a><br />
<br />
Teresa Vega <a href="http://www.radiantrootsboricuabranches.com/"><b>Radiant Roots, Boricua Branches</b></a><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Next year promises to be an exciting year and we hope that you will join all of us!<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pQjaBYKDiRs" width="560"></iframe>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-79033854296471457192016-09-09T15:41:00.002-07:002016-09-09T16:11:43.286-07:00New Season, New Ideas, New Directions: Black Pro Gen<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s1600/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit5cJQ2O778Gsds8lRgPCDtLYd7dXjXwk9UriEQHzWDxbWO10z0OtRLJV_PYJOm16rG5lITfXoceCCgw9erFCWdOL4h24IjZtpeeZMB_88UxJuGJjk2KOSoDjsN2aTyUiOSy7CeVnyP-c/s320/BlackProGen+Live.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Black Pro Gen LIVE New Features</span></b><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Well a new season is here, and new ideas that have been simmering are arising. So thrilled to share with everyone the new season and some new strategies to work with beginning genealogists and seasoned ones to find the ancestors and break through the challenges we call "brick walls."<br />
<br />
Black Pro Gen is a community of African American Professional Genealogists who work together, sharing ideas and strategies. There are quite a few of us out there ready to assist others, and to share ideas with each other as well. <br />
<br />
For the past year, there have been regular Black Pro Gen Hangouts - which are live discussions viewed by an audience listening to a fascinating dialogue about research strategies. If you missed them, you can find them on YouTube. Each Hangout session is devoted to a theme---some are focused on various states and resources, and other new features.<br />
<br />
As Google is making changes, the Hangouts are now to be known at LIVE, and Black Pro Gen is joining the fun. But in addition to that some new features will be added to the Black Pro Gen events.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<i style="font-weight: bold;">ASK MARIAH</i><br />
<br />
Do you have a genealogy brick wall? Is there something that you can't figure out from your many records? Or are you looking for a suggestion on where to go next with your research? If this description fits you, then you may get some help if you <b>"Ask Mariah"</b>. This is a new feature that will be part of Black Pro Gen LIVE. Throughout the year, this group of researchers, gather online to discuss projects, or to explore a common topic and to offer suggestions and strategies to each other. Simply submit your questions to me@whoisnickasmith.com, or to AngelaW859@aol.com, and we will answer them on Black Pro Gen LIVE! Put <u><b>Ask Mariah</b></u> in the subject line.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<i><b>ANCESTRY MAKERS</b></i><br />
<br />
How can you as a regular person have your genealogy done by professionals? Well Black Pro Gen, will have your genealogy done by professionals free of charge. If you are selected, you only have to be a guest on the BlackProGen Hangout, and find out the results of their research conducted for you. Why not let the team of professional genealogists on Black Pro Gen LIVE do the work? If your project is selected, the reveal will be made to you and your family LIVE online in one of the Black Pro Gen Hangouts. If this interests you, send an email to <a href="mailto:me@whoisnickasmith.com">Nicka Smith</a> and she will follow up with you about your research interest. <br />
<br />
Both services are offered for free.<br />
<br />
Here are members of the BlackProGen community and where you can find their blogs and websites:<br />
<br />
<b>Name: Website</b><br />
<br />
Bernice A. Bennett <b><a href="http://www.blogtalkradio.com/bernicebennett">Research at the National Archives and Beyond</a></b><br />
<br />
Linda Buggs Simms <b><a href="http://www.mississippirooted.com/">Mississippi Rooted</a></b><br />
<br />
Melvin Collier <b><a href="http://www.mississippitoafrica.com/">Mississippi to Africa</a>, <a href="http://rootsrevealed.blogspot.com/">Roots Revealed</a></b><br />
<br />
Vicky Daviss-Mitchell <a href="http://mariahszepher.blogspot.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Mariah's Zepher</a><br />
<br />
Ellen Fernandez-Sacco <b><a href="http://babiloniafamilyhistory.blogspot.com/">Babilonia Family History</a></b><br />
<br />
George Geder <a href="http://www.gederwrites.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Geder Writes</a><br />
<br />
Taneya Koonce <b><a href="http://www.taneya-kalonji.com/genblog/">Taneya's Genealogy Blog</a></b><br />
<br />
James Morgan III<b> </b><a href="http://www.facebook.com/groups/196752950689146/" style="font-weight: bold;">Afr. American Fraternal and Benevolent Society History</a><br />
<br />
Shelley Murphy <a href="https://familytreegirl.com/" style="font-weight: bold;">Family Tree Girl</a><br />
<br />
Drusilla Pair <b><a href="http://www.findyourfolks.com/">Find Your Folks</a></b><br />
<br />
Angela Walton-Raji <a href="http://www.africanrootspodcast.com/"><b>African Roots Podcast</b></a>, <a href="http://www.myancestorsname.blogspot.com/"><b>My Ancestor's Name</b></a>, <b><a href="http://www.african-nativeamerican.blogspot.com/">African-Native American</a></b><br />
<br />
Nicka Smith <a href="http://www.whoisnickasmith.com/"><b>Who is Nicka Smith</b></a>, <a href="http://www.atlasfamily.org/"><b>Atlas Family</b></a><br />
<br />
Teresa Vega <a href="http://www.radiantrootsboricuabranches.com/"><b>Radiant Roots, Boricua Branches</b></a><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Next year promises to be an exciting year and we hope that you will join all of us!<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pQjaBYKDiRs" width="560"></iframe>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-11758251945495955742016-07-26T10:16:00.001-07:002016-07-26T10:24:10.111-07:00I Shall Not Forget My Ancestors' Past<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJLkSHmrF-fF_LCCAS7I9vu9-rA3vJCVmwD28mw1h5oXsjHw6PL2nSyG91hBV4i9vez7FtdnlhLby3JaxS8S2Lm0e2vRGvXokqQMocNAuBi8_84B44eWAhMayxk4Lgtf5ApW4kYjUL_aE/s1600/Slaves+in+the+Field.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJLkSHmrF-fF_LCCAS7I9vu9-rA3vJCVmwD28mw1h5oXsjHw6PL2nSyG91hBV4i9vez7FtdnlhLby3JaxS8S2Lm0e2vRGvXokqQMocNAuBi8_84B44eWAhMayxk4Lgtf5ApW4kYjUL_aE/s1600/Slaves+in+the+Field.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
Earlier today, in a recent thread on social media, a statement was made in reference to America's "peculiar institution" that we know as slavery, and it was suggested that as a nation we should simply <b>"get over it"</b> and move on.<br />
<br />
Now, I normally ignore such statements that trivialize the history of people of color, and I usually ignore those who cry "get over it" their blatant dismissal of my history. They usually come from individuals whose opinions are not important to me, I "get over" them and their dismissal of my history and move on.<br />
<br />
However, the one I saw today came from someone whom I know, and I was compelled to respond and to share why I shall <i>never</i> "get over it", I responded with an explanation of how I am <i><b><u>honored</u></b></i> to remember what happened to those whose history I study every day. And in addition, I am obligated to teach future generations also to <i>never "</i>get over it" because that term suggests, that the history of an entire people should never be mentioned, and their lives should never be consider as worth remembering. <br /><br />I shall never subscribe to anyone forgetting their history and definitely not a critical institution in America, such as the enslavement of Africans upon this soil. Now that does not mean walking around with a grudge, but to ask anyone to dismiss and forget and get over it trivializes something that was vital to this country. If we cannot get over it that a war was fought then end slavery then those who descend from the enslaved dare not "get over" what happened! Remembering the painful past instills even deeper respect for the ancestors and their survival for they lived within the confines of a terrible system. I then gave some thought about what that statement to just "get over it" means to me, and so, I replied.<br />
<br />I have since been asked to post my reply so that it can be shared. It follows below:<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">I shall always honor my ancestors who went through so much! No discomfort of those who are "tired of hearing it" can ever impede my honoring them, nor mentioning it. I work with records from the slavery era every day. Every single day from slave schedules to probate records, to old newspapers, to Freedmen's Bureau. That does not mean that every where I go I bring up history. But---my history lives with me, and every person carries pieces of their history with them.</span></b></i></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">Every day, when I see the post Civil War records of people begging the Bureau to retrieve their children still held in bondage, years after the war ended, I know that freedom did not come easily and Lincoln did not "fix it". I research every day.</span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">When I see the peonage records that reflected forced labor of men and women into the 20th century---no----I shall not forget it, and it SHALL be mentioned. I would never tell anyone to "forget" their history, simply because someone unaffected by an evil system is tired of hearing about it.</span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">You know me enough to know that I don't "wear it on my sleeve." But clearly it shall not be forgotten and as one who sees it in records every day--as a researcher---the impact of what I research and see and learn is humbling and I am honored to call the names of my enslaved ancestors. I am also not ashamed to say that they were enslaved, for their fate in life was the result of an evil system, and their ability to live in spite of it, speaks to their resilience. </span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">Their strength makes me stronger when life challenges me. So yes, I shall call their names, and I shall point out that these courageous people were once enslaved.</span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">To "get over them" is the ultimate insult to those who were legislated into "nothing-ness". By my continuous remembrance of them--I become a better person, because I must still live a good life as I move through life and interact with the sons and daughters or the descendants of those who enslaved others.</span></b></i></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;"><br /></span></b></i></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">I have met the descendants of those who enslaved my ancestors. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">I remember, and they remember and we now work together.</span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">I stand upon the shoulders of many people---among those were enslaved men, women and children, who survived. </span><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><br style="color: #1d2129; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;" /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">And I shall always remember.</span></b></i></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;"><br /></span></b></i></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><i><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">* * * * * * * * * * * * *</span></b></i></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">And so----today I shall call their names:<br />-Irving and Nancy Bass, enslaved by John Bass of Giles County Tennessee<br />-Patrick Drennen, enslaved by John Drennen of Van Buren Arkansas<br />-Kitty Perry, enslaved y Nail Perry, Choctaw Nation<br />-Amanda Perry Anchatubbe enslaved by Emeline Perry, Choctaw Nation</span></b></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Jackson Perry Crow enslaved by Nail Perry, Choctaw Nation</span></b></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Sallie Perry Walton enslaved by Emeline Perry</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Mitchell Bass, enslaved by Henry C. Pride, Horatio Arkansas</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Minerva Houston, enslaved by Elizabeth Houston Millwee, Horatio Arkansas</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Georgia Ann Houston enslaved by Elizabeth Houston Millwee, Horatio Arkansas</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Martha Campbell, enslaved by Robert Campbell, Maury County Tennessee</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Amanda Campbell Young enslaved by William Tandy Young, Ripley Mississippi</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Harriet Young Martin, enslaved by William Tandy Young, Ripley Mississippi</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Berry Kirk, enslaved by William Tandy Young</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Lydia Walters Talkington, enslaved by Mary Walters, Dripping Springs Arkansas</span></span><br /><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;">-Samuel Walton, enslaved by Josiah Harrell, Dripping Springs Arkansas & Jim Davis Choctaw Nation</span></span></b></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16.08px;"> .......and I honor those whose names are yet to be discovered as I continue my genealogical journey.</span></b></span><br />
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Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-47442850974110594912016-05-12T16:49:00.000-07:002016-05-12T17:31:48.255-07:00Gems from the Black Press: Remembering Western Baptist College<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Today's Focus<br />Advertisement for Western Baptist College in Missouri<br />from <i>The Missouri Messenger</i> January 26, 1900</b></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxBdmy7z96XB8R3Z44wtbi3NxZFFsscm_IOf4a4_eqvmEXmYjdgOEZMl-UepAhfUAPy__p5KOatROyyeBYpvUyVJ1_1IlQZXADQ6b4Liv0iAhYtOy5NgMSQwRBk_DgtOc9TnIMiCmwrnY/s1600/MissouriMessengerMasthead.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="94" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxBdmy7z96XB8R3Z44wtbi3NxZFFsscm_IOf4a4_eqvmEXmYjdgOEZMl-UepAhfUAPy__p5KOatROyyeBYpvUyVJ1_1IlQZXADQ6b4Liv0iAhYtOy5NgMSQwRBk_DgtOc9TnIMiCmwrnY/s320/MissouriMessengerMasthead.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Source:</div>
<b><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;">Ancestry.com.</span><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;"> </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 23.2px;">U.S., African American Newspapers, 1829-1947</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;"> </span><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;">[database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. <br />This collection was indexed by Ancestry World Archives Project contributors.</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;">Original data:</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;"> </span><i style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 23.2px;">Negro Newspapers for the American Council of Learned Studies</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 23.2px;">. Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress.</span></b><br />
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One of the pleasures that I enjoy when conducting research is to explore the amazing articles and ads that I find in old publications. I am particularly attracted by the articles from the African American press that reflect many aspects of the African American Community over a century ago. I have noticed that a good way to learn about one's local community is to examine the classified section of early black newspapers for they reveal businesses, churches and schools in their early years. Some of the ads reflect activities of institutions long forgotten, while others reflect schools that have morphed into larger entities.<br />
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I decided to take a look at <i>"The Missouri Messenger"</i> a publication that was said to be "the organ of 35,000 Baptists". In that particular edition, I learned about an institution with which I was unfamiliar. The classifieds of a 1900 edition of the paper brought to my attention an ad reflecting Western Baptist College, a small Baptist college located in Macon, Missouri.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3T9yWMH9HjfbWgd8ueylSFl6mg3Y-s_9_mv78r-Rufd6J_4nEkosncAPTEtt2eOrZs97ZgmnXMcZ2KCYK2O3J3eR8a4bmI7y3nQmLWFCRQ5am_or1-9isDNKqfZ5vnOwanvtF8ttKuCo/s1600/Western+Baptist.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3T9yWMH9HjfbWgd8ueylSFl6mg3Y-s_9_mv78r-Rufd6J_4nEkosncAPTEtt2eOrZs97ZgmnXMcZ2KCYK2O3J3eR8a4bmI7y3nQmLWFCRQ5am_or1-9isDNKqfZ5vnOwanvtF8ttKuCo/s320/Western+Baptist.jpg" width="299" /></a></div>
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(Source: Same as above)</div>
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The college offered Christian education, and elementary and a normal school, with training for the ministry as well. Western Baptist was a boarding school as well as as a day school. Upon researching the history of the school, it was amazing to find out that the school still exists to this day. It is the first and only religious affiliated institution west of the Mississippi founded exclusively by African Americans.</div>
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The history of the school goes back to 1889 when a special meeting of Baptists took place in Sedalia Missouri, and from the series of meetings in that state, it was decided to lease an old church building for 5 years for the purposes of establishing a school. After arrangements were made, the school opened in January of 1890 enrolling 14 students. Within a year's time an offer for a permanent location of the school was accepted from parties in Macon Missouri. There was immediate interest in the school and its legacy was established. Petitions for funding for the college were met and granted from multiple parties including endorsements from local white Baptist churches in the local area, as well as the Baptist Home Mission Society based in New York that donated $1200 to the school. <a href="http://www.wbbckc.org/history/">(Source of historical information.)</a><br />
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The school was strongly supported by the Baptist church and it was common that members of the Church's hierarchy often visited the school. The same edition of the Missouri Messenger reflected the visit of pastors from St. Louis to the campus.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSDdDWNz6861pPhaRsJkuMkFZa_3ar_QKCW1gqrnQuGpGuQ-yFWrsZBOGL3UkHAMMNekAXc25zJ9w1mcBiGP7S9l7fCvXKr_i0qIFzYrs_IVmj6P3ZGlO65O50Zhvivuq5VlznFOWbK_8/s1600/Western+Baptist+Article.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSDdDWNz6861pPhaRsJkuMkFZa_3ar_QKCW1gqrnQuGpGuQ-yFWrsZBOGL3UkHAMMNekAXc25zJ9w1mcBiGP7S9l7fCvXKr_i0qIFzYrs_IVmj6P3ZGlO65O50Zhvivuq5VlznFOWbK_8/s320/Western+Baptist+Article.jpg" width="280" /></a></div>
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(Source: Same as link from above image)</div>
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Like many Historically Black Institutions, Western Baptist offered a preparatory school in addition to the normal college programs. The school began offering programs to both males and females, and eagerly sought assistance for the erection of a dormitory for girls on the school's grounds.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfFA0uxDkIot6dWAxDoQXUEEMvKVkqLHW5Q9JUls2yNCDr5SKWDD0O254lpAyvOpYWxWIiaCim4I04UNmSzk8oJTcAE4Zl1pE4Kkhs8xDR_GYPkoPvaevJpXILDR40fBETyhVW4zbnXVw/s1600/Western+Baptist+GirlsDorm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfFA0uxDkIot6dWAxDoQXUEEMvKVkqLHW5Q9JUls2yNCDr5SKWDD0O254lpAyvOpYWxWIiaCim4I04UNmSzk8oJTcAE4Zl1pE4Kkhs8xDR_GYPkoPvaevJpXILDR40fBETyhVW4zbnXVw/s320/Western+Baptist+GirlsDorm.jpg" width="132" /></a></div>
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For over 30 years the school thrived in Macon, and in 1920, the school moved to Kansas City Missouri. It was located at first on Woodland Avenue of the city and later Tracy Avenue in the city. Over time the focus became centered on higher education and that became the focus and continues to this day.<br />
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Today the school still operates as <a href="http://www.wbbckc.org/">Western Baptist Bible College</a> as a four year institution devoted to Christian education. The school has also expanded now to operate on several campuses throughout the states of Missouri and Kansas. In Missouri campus are located in Kansas City, and St. Louis. In Kansas campuses are now located in Topkea, Wichita, Olathe, and Junction City. College Commencement will take place this year on May 12, 2016 on the at 8th Street Baptist Church in Kansas City Missouri.<br />
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<i>The Missouri Messenger</i> is a unique paper reflecting not only the Baptist community that it served, but also a unique school with an interesting legacy and history. It can be viewed on <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/">Ancestry</a> in the collection of African American newspapers.</div>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-58969082772639909302016-04-13T17:34:00.000-07:002016-04-13T17:35:02.506-07:00Notes from the Colored Convention, Little Rock Arkansas 1865<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZw_ihHwaR8d9aFvkv4mMH1XBdR2tjWU3kos1yJzkqBoVBR3BdRT7-KzkZFgIgu9i4j64DhTH9p61T2xI0K0TCbt0cPSaGh9QX8SHdmC6Mc3aWuUF6dgt2Bcf-YgB9zM9m5rtYmUYvzvs/s1600/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865d.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="172" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZw_ihHwaR8d9aFvkv4mMH1XBdR2tjWU3kos1yJzkqBoVBR3BdRT7-KzkZFgIgu9i4j64DhTH9p61T2xI0K0TCbt0cPSaGh9QX8SHdmC6Mc3aWuUF6dgt2Bcf-YgB9zM9m5rtYmUYvzvs/s320/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865d.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Image from Colored Convention Nashville TN, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Magazine, May 6, 1876</b></span></i></div>
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We dream no more, our country wakes at last.</div>
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And reads wise lessons from the stormy past.</div>
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The spirit of the nation, proud and free</div>
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Might err and wander reft of memory.</div>
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But linked to truth, magnetic poles of yore</div>
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The dead sense wakens and she sins no more.</div>
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The drama moves, the people fill the stage</div>
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And virtue will restore the golden age.</div>
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<i><b>~Words from the Colored Convention, 1865, Little Rock Arkansas</b></i></div>
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Throughout the south in the years after the Civil War, newly freed African people assembled in large numbers to discuss the future, share their common goals and to publicly declare their directions and hopes for the future. These gatherings were known as Colored Conventions and though they are seldom mentioned today, these were critical first steps made by the ancestors on the brink of a new direction and life course.</div>
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Such a convention took place in Arkansas in the state capitol in Little Rock in 1865. Most of the delegates were from Pulaski County, but several from other counties also participants. I was glad to see that George Sewell of "Sebastine(sic)" county was there. </div>
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The minutes and proceedings of those meetings are left behind and as we make the effort to tell the family story--we need to incorporate the impact that such meetings may have had on the larger population.<br />
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The delegates of the Arkansas Colored Convention were:</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8Yt2BrR01f8DfWLMQhhjkxgZiYdByH5f3DZjGi4-6XSmYRQfyXbHxZ1SlcAThXvY1AJ1aN7p7jidM3oJpYGqk2N_2Kj2LoKabNe6L6gYe-4ova0gQWIFsezMHgJTwKKfbtXAiNVHpAOM/s1600/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8Yt2BrR01f8DfWLMQhhjkxgZiYdByH5f3DZjGi4-6XSmYRQfyXbHxZ1SlcAThXvY1AJ1aN7p7jidM3oJpYGqk2N_2Kj2LoKabNe6L6gYe-4ova0gQWIFsezMHgJTwKKfbtXAiNVHpAOM/s1600/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865c.jpg" /></a></div>
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<i><b><span style="color: red;">From:</span></b></i> <b><i>Proceedings from the Convention of the Colored Citizens of Arkansas Held in Little Rock, Thursday, Friday & Saturday Nov. 30, December 1 and 2, 1865</i></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjziqchpIJgCJaygV7BEagtodgjlJcxpxbhqxzMrG3B1Vr8Ach8gwos2YbMPbmFfL-87ACuUlKb3w6ZBR47OtviP_y6IqU9zfQ1MlMtaN5m4oBZ5WBlxyq98nOvkv-qcCK2bGlVorb_x6w/s1600/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjziqchpIJgCJaygV7BEagtodgjlJcxpxbhqxzMrG3B1Vr8Ach8gwos2YbMPbmFfL-87ACuUlKb3w6ZBR47OtviP_y6IqU9zfQ1MlMtaN5m4oBZ5WBlxyq98nOvkv-qcCK2bGlVorb_x6w/s320/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865a.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-gfotu4NdBHiv3lmhUNefPegthzamOszsXR81NeCJcJgpjiOLuqLmZ4sjLSlDqScE37DlyPxLh8sgzJ0lHY4W5HvyI92lusBFGYgN5D7-OemGlFY_p03fcASBNwZy7jhQr1V-Xl2zPU/s1600/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX-gfotu4NdBHiv3lmhUNefPegthzamOszsXR81NeCJcJgpjiOLuqLmZ4sjLSlDqScE37DlyPxLh8sgzJ0lHY4W5HvyI92lusBFGYgN5D7-OemGlFY_p03fcASBNwZy7jhQr1V-Xl2zPU/s400/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865b.jpg" width="283" /></a></div>
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These pages reflect notes emanating from that first Colored Convention in Arkansas. The minutes of this convention other conventions held throughout the south are found on a wonderful website called <b><a href="http://www.coloredconventions.org/">"Colored Conventions"</a> .</b></div>
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<a href="http://www.coloredconventions.org/"><img border="0" height="47" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgslVydk7CzkXPvxmDisLEq6xUJppTz6T0xj-g6yFyrQtglZ_PX5Udn1HK2sbcPt6IhUaw6LdfPCBCJ8eR4UUnAsE8cYAH8-VYEoQQfDCIus1w84i_dry2xq_HNq6V4NjhjkYDeoKCdUqc/s320/Colored+Convention+Arkansas+1865e+Masthead.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.coloredconventions.org/">www.coloredconventions.org</a></div>
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Although I did not recognize the names of the delegates to the convention, it is still part of the local Arkansas history and these proceedings reflect a strong step that the newly freed population took to determine its own life course, and this is a story that needs to be told.<br />
<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-50221887527202248832016-03-11T07:57:00.000-08:002016-03-11T08:24:38.406-08:00Gems From the Black Press: Remembering Eckstein Norton University<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 16.8px;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: xx-small;"><br /><br />This article is part of a series of articles whose <span style="line-height: 18.48px;">purpose is to share each week an interesting article from early black publications of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As previously noted,the articles found inside of these long forgotten publications contain rich history that reflect the early years of African America life in the first decades of freedom. Some are publications of fraternal or benevolent societies, and some were more community based. All pieces shared in this series provide a close up to history and culture of times long past<span style="font-size: x-small;">.</span></span></span></i><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;">Ohio Falls Express, Louisville Kentucky</span>July 11, 1891<br /><span style="color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;">Advertisement for Eckstein Norton University</span></b></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.48px;">One of the things I like about old newspapers are the classified ads. They reflect the ordinary business of the people, and from such ads, one can find out about the products used by many in the community. In addition, one can learn about the people and the services that they offered and that they were seeking. Businesses are often reflected in those publications, as well as places of worship, and educational institutions. One such institution caught my attention, and it was one of which I had never heard before. The school was Eckstein Norton University, located in Louisville, Kentucky.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;">Ancestry.com. </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'source sans pro', 'helvetica neue', arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;">U.S., African American Newspapers, 1829-1947</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;"> [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px;"><span style="color: #36322d;">This collection was indexed by Ancestry World Archives Project contributors.</span></span><span style="font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px;"><span style="color: red;">Original data: </span></span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'source sans pro', 'helvetica neue', arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 21.0909px;">Negro Newspapers for the American Council of Learned Studies</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px;">. </span><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px;">Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress</span>
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<span style="color: #222222;"><span style="line-height: 18.48px;"><br /><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Having worked in higher education for over 25 years, I recognize the names of many institutions including the numerous Historically Black Colleges & Universities or HBCUs as we call them. But what a surprise to see an institution that was never known to me, out of Kentucky. Eckstein Norton University based in Louisville.<br /><br />An advertisement about the school appeared on the front page of the Ohio Falls Gazette on July 11,1891.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Eckstein Norton University was located at Cane Springs, in Bullitt County Kentucky. The school was founded in 1890 in a hostile community that had never accepted the concept of "colored" schools. The first schools for Freedmen established by the Freedmen's Bureau were burned and the county continued to exhibit hostility towards any institution that would aid the population of newly freed slaves. The freedmen's school in Shepherdsville was continually threatened and in 1867 the Noble school was burned. According to resources at the University of Kentucky, small schools in Black churches were also burned. But the desire of former slaves to learn was strong, and prevailed. In spite of much public resistance against freed blacks at least eight schools did manage to prevail in the extremely hostile climate.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1890 Eckstein Norton was opened. It was named for the president of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, who had donated funds for the school.The school was located along the Bardstown branch of the railroad, and consisted of seven buildings. The academic program offered a primary school, a normal school and a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Science degree. degree program. (1)</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1911 it was decided to merge Eckstein Norton University with Lincoln Institute and the school closed officially in 1912.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Only a few images remain of the school, and the exact location of the school is not state on the few sites devoted to its brief history. But the advertisement itself reveals much about the school and its location and the kind of environment that it provided for the students.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Unfortunately, Eckstein Norton University had a short history. The institution merged with Lincoln Institute in 1912 and this small institution closed it's doors.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Additional Information on Eckstein Norton University:</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/local/bullitt/2014/02/21/bullitt-memories-eckstein-norton-institute/5676329/"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Bullitt Memories</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://bullittcountyhistory.org/bchistory/enu_cj.html"></a><a href="http://bullittcountyhistory.org/bchistory/enu_cj.html">Bullitt County History</a></span></div>
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</span>Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-25290467078383054892016-02-11T15:08:00.000-08:002016-02-11T15:08:51.065-08:00Gems from the Black Press: Arkansas Weekly Mansion<i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, tahoma, helvetica, freesans, sans-serif; line-height: 16.8px;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">This article is part of a series of articles whose <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.48px;">purpose is to share each week an interesting article from early black publications of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As previously noted,the articles found inside of these long forgotten publications contain rich history that reflect the early years of African America life in the first decades of freedom. Some are publications of fraternal or benevolent societies, and some were more community based. All pieces shared in this series provide a close up to history and culture of times long past.</span></span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #222222; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18.48px;">Arkansas Weekly Mansion</span><br /><span style="color: #222222; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18.48px;">Editor's Notes</span></span><div style="text-align: left;">
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<span style="color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><i>The Arkansas Weekly Mansion</i> was a weekly publication based in Little Rock Arkansas. Like many African American publications, news from around the country pertaining to "the race" was often presented in the weekly editions. <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/">Ancestry</a> has , one edition of this publication digitized. The issue is from 1883, and it presents an interesting glimpse of life around the country.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br />I looked at the column entitled "Editor's notes" and found a fascinating list of simple news bullets from around the nation. Image from the edition is here below, followed by a transcription of the notes.</span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Mrs. Mary A. Shadd Cary has graduated in law from Howard
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The board of bishops A.M.E. Church meets in Chicago June 27.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Cadet Whitaker’s father died recently in Kershaw County,
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Mr. Theodore Sterrett, father of the wife of historian
George W. Williams, died recently in Minneapolis Minn. He was formerly barber
at the Galt House, Louisville Kentucky.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">James T. Rapier, formerly a member of Congress, died in
Montgomery Alabama, May 31.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Mr. McCabe, the colored state auditor of Kansas, is
conducting his office with great credit to himself and profit to the state.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Dr. Jenifer writes to the Christian Recorder, that he has
cancelled the $10,000 on the Charles Street and the $666 mortgage on the old Anderson
street churches.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">A large mass meeting of the citizens of Louisville has
endorsed the meeting of the convention in that city, and pledged a “generous
Kentucky welcome” to all comers.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Chicago has two colored medical graduates this year—Messrs.
D. H. Williams, and J. W. Henderson.
There is a colored section boss names Washington Turner, in the employ of the
Illinois Central railroad, who has a working gang of sixty-five colored men.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Thomas F. Cassells, colored has entered on his duty as
collector on the port of Memphis.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">John H. Alexander, the colored youth recently appointed cadet
at West Point, from Ohio, is son of an old man “Jim” Alexander formerly of
Helena Ark., and well known to the citizens of the state. James M. Alexander
Sr. was a member of the legislature in Clayton times.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The state teacher’s association meets at the operahouseat (sic)the
capitol June 27, 28, & 29. A fine programme (sic) will be presented. <o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The colored men of the Cherokee nation have protested
against the recent action of the Cherokee nation in declaring that the large
amount of money received from the government shall be distributed only to
Cherokees by blood.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><b>Judge Gedders, democratic candidate for governor
of Ohio, held a competitive examination at Elyrea (sic) for appointment to a
cadetship at West Point, which resulted (see remaining text below)</b></i></span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">in a tie. The Judge requested that the two candidates shall
be re-examined at West Point with the understanding that the winner will get
the appointment. The winner, a colored student from Oberlin, named Alexander
was appointed. “The world do move.”<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">J. S. Harris city editor of the Kansas City Enterprise is
compiling a book to be entitled, “The Prominent Colored Men of the West.”<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Rev. J.W. Asbury, a colored minister is nominated for registrar
of state lands in Kentucky.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">George Bentley, (col.), porter of the Fourth National Bank
of Grand Rapids Mich., recently robbed the bank of $1500. <o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The richest colored man in America is Mr. Aristide Marie of
New Orleans who owns several large stores opposite the custom house, and has a
yearly income of $50,000. He spends (illegible
text)<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">(partially illegible paragraph…)<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">…We have received a copy of (illegible)…called “Poetic Gems” by R (? Text not visible) Attorney at law, Charlotte, (illegible). It contains a number of
poems, (Illegible) etc. by the author, some of decided merit.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">The Grand Lodge of Colored Freemasons of Georgia, has
purchased a site on Gwinnett Street, Savannah, and proposes to erect a “fine
three-story temple”. The cornerstone will be laid June 25<sup>th</sup>. <o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">J. H. H. Longstark, of the Savannah Echo, translates the
annexed from the Georgia Familiar Journal: </span></b></i><i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">The present negro population of the
United States is between 6,500.000 and 7,000,000. They have increased during
the last decade thirty-five percent. If the white population is not increased
by emigration, and the colored people keep on at this rate, the negro will have
at the end of one hundred years from now a majority of 12,000,000.</span></b></i></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Messrs. Palesser, Paleser,
& Co., of Bridgeport Conn., have lately issued a sheet containing plans and
specifications for a handsome modern six or eight room cottage, which is worth examining
by anyone intending to build. The same firm furnishes specifications in blank
for any class of residence which are of great practical value and convenience.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Hon. Wm. T. Brown formerly Superintendent of Education in
Louisiana died at New Orleans May 15.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></i></div>
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<i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Mr. Tully Con, a great under-ground R.R. man in the olden
times died in St. Francis Co., recently.<o:p></o:p></span></b></i></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><i><b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br />In the New York Globe, Col. Williams, the historian
moves that “an American Negro Historical Society” be created. We second the
motion.</span></b></i></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">As can be noticed, the editor often made his own remarks about observations that he shared from other publications. His remarks made after the small piece about the young Alexander being appointed to West Point speaks to the sentiment of the editor and the readership: <b>"The world, do move."</b><i> </i>Following the suggestion of historian Col. Williams who suggested that a national historical society be formed, a "Negro Historical Society" again the editor voiced his own sentiment:<b> "We second the motion."</b><br /><br />As a researcher who also studies Oklahoma and Indian Territory history I was pleased to see an article reflecting the voices of protest expressed by Cherokee Freedmen, regarding their treatment by the Cherokee Nation by a move to exclude them from national funds, based on color. And the information about the young man who earned the appointment at West Point encourages me to pursue more details about the young man, and to see if more can be learned of his career.<br /><br />Items such as these tiny snippets from the early Black press, provide a closer glimpse into the lives of our forefathers and mothers and the readers can glean a sense of pride seldom reflected in other pieces from the press in the same era.</span></span></div>
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Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-17124271086328514842016-01-27T14:32:00.000-08:002016-01-27T14:33:07.553-08:00Gems from the Black Press: The 1920 Negro State Fair, of Oklahoma<i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 16.8px; text-align: start;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">This article is part of a series of articles whose <span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.48px;">purpose is to share each week an interesting article from early black publications of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As previously noted,the articles found inside of these long forgotten publications contain rich history that reflect the early years of African America life in the first decades of freedom. Some are publications of fraternal or benevolent societies, and some were more community based. All pieces shared in this series provide a close up to history and culture of times long past.</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The Tulsa Star. (Tulsa, Okla.) October 9, 1920, Weekly Mail Edition, Page 1</span></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-size: x-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accessed from:</span><span style="font-size: xx-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><b style="font-size: small;"><i> Chronicling America, Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress</i></b></span><br />
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In the early first half of the 20th century, life in the new state of Oklahoma was a fascinating place to be. Although segregation had worked its way into what was once Indian Territory, there was still an amazing and thriving, self-supporting Black community. A fascinating article from the Tulsa Star from October 1920 reflects much of the spirit of the Oklahoma African American population.<br />
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During that time, North Tulsa and the Greenwood District was thriving, black towns numbered more than two dozen, and the future looked bright for this state once a part of the western frontier. The article of October 9, 1920 provides and amazing glimpse into early Oklahoma Black life, especially before the 1921 racial disturbance when the Greenwood District was attacked.</div>
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The event was the Negro State Fair, scheduled to unfold in Wewoka, Oklahoma. The fair was a four day event taking place on the ranch of J. Coody Johnson, a leader in the Freedmen Community in Wewoka. and was expected to draw people from throughout the state. The Negro Fair was widely celebrated and accepted by officials of the state. The fair was directed primarily to the African American population, as was clearly spelled out in the article.</div>
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The fair was endorsed by the larger community, and a presence from the entire state of Oklahoma was anticipated! Schools were closed for two days with permission of the State Superintendent. Also for entertainment there were exhibits and for the daring, flights in an airplane were also available. This was amazing during an era when air traffic was not frequent.</div>
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The fair was organized by attorney, and rancher J. Coody Johnson, known to have been a strong advocate for Seminole Freedmen. He was a wealthy man by the early 1900s and his land was used for the state event. He was assisted by Mrs. Julia Davidson of Wewoka who served as secretary for the event.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">The Tulsa Star. (Tulsa, Okla.) October 9, 1920, Weekly Mail Edition, Page 4</span><br />
<span style="color: red; font-size: x-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;">Accessed from:</span><span style="font-size: x-small; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"> Chronicling America, Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress</span></div>
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Organizers of the Negro State Fair, Wewoka, Oklahoma</div>
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It is not known how often the fair was held after the event of 1920. But it is quite clear that this is an event that should be noted as one in which the members of the Oklahoma Black community sought to honor their own accomplishments, and to celebrate their successes during those four memorable days in 1920. </div>
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Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-82678026411432857202016-01-18T21:43:00.000-08:002016-01-18T21:44:16.451-08:00Gems From the Black Press: La Quasima Club of Columbus & the Social Event of the Season<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Gems from The Black Press:<i><span style="font-size: x-small;"> This article is part of a series of articles whose <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.48px;">purpose is to share each week an interesting article from early black publications of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As previously noted,the articles found inside of these long forgotten publications contain rich history that reflect the early years of African America life in the first decades of freedom. Some are publications of fraternal or benevolent societies, and some were more community based. All pieces shared in this series provide a close up to history and culture of times long past.</span></span></i><br />
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.48px;"><b>The Reception Given by the LaQuasima Club</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 18.48px;">from: </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 18.48px;">The Columbus Standard</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0VpbOVaMXj4EeZejNcgB2aDhcuY7NgBb6ACBB0-JegxobuFbwIPPetdGQnsjwveHWEi3BaXFEBsQ3zPxvlMDmOXypUymLBaEHlTGEse6xrPOHRl79onFVFX9HIkE6W11lvW8K9hX6ixs/s1600/Columbus+Standard+Masthead.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="60" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0VpbOVaMXj4EeZejNcgB2aDhcuY7NgBb6ACBB0-JegxobuFbwIPPetdGQnsjwveHWEi3BaXFEBsQ3zPxvlMDmOXypUymLBaEHlTGEse6xrPOHRl79onFVFX9HIkE6W11lvW8K9hX6ixs/s320/Columbus+Standard+Masthead.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1901 the <i>Columbus Standard</i> was said to be the leading newspaper for Afro-Americans in the state of Ohio. An online article from July 1901 describes an interesting social event that was said to the the social event of the season for the Black community, in Columbus Ohio.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEN4nUnXNBmiyvufk_1JEeTlBhyyiMlp90lQSg2ROLwJHJw-c8o5WWScDy7rs1bo4Fr4Yl3ZrTJzlB1jO56WUKRn8YaMW4pM_Vbp6n_T4Ru3V7c4DxHaiQ8B_nik5uKjdz9MJON3RB17w/s1600/Columbus+Standard+Article.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEN4nUnXNBmiyvufk_1JEeTlBhyyiMlp90lQSg2ROLwJHJw-c8o5WWScDy7rs1bo4Fr4Yl3ZrTJzlB1jO56WUKRn8YaMW4pM_Vbp6n_T4Ru3V7c4DxHaiQ8B_nik5uKjdz9MJON3RB17w/s640/Columbus+Standard+Article.jpg" width="264" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px;"><span style="color: red;">Source:</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 11.4545px;"><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;">Ancestry.com. </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">U.S., African American Newspapers, 1829-1947</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;"> [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. This <br />collection was indexed by Ancestry World Archives Project contributors.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;" /><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;">Original data: </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Negro Newspapers for the American Council of Learned Studies</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: "source sans pro" , "helvetica neue" , "arial" , sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px;">. Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress.</span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Apparently the event was honoring men who had been serving in the US military and had been involved actively in the conflict in the Philippines. The reference to "Our Boys" is reflecting the men returning from conflict. Little is seen in the press of how returning service men of color were received upon return from service, especially after the Spanish American conflict. These returning soldiers were returning from time served in the Spanish American War and specifically from the Philippine Islands.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The event unfolded at the Odd Fellows Hall in Columbus, and a list of attendees was included in the article. It was clearly described as a major society event, for the article pointed out that seventy-five couples of young people from <i>"the prominent colored families in the city were present."</i> (1) I was quite surprised to note that among the guests whose names were published was a resident of my own hometown, of Ft. Smith Arkansas as well.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The article described the event <i>where the ladies were "attired in airy evening gowns, the gentlemen wearing the up-to-date shirt waist, all responded gracefully to the music of the people's orchestra, presented a scene which stirred the pride of those who looked upon it."</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Beyond this being a simple description of a social event, such an article is quite useful in terms of providing today's reader with an interesting glimpse into the social life of an African American community at the turn of the 20th century. Clearly there was an "elite" portion of the population with the reference to the "prominent" families in attendance. At the same time there was an orchestra more than likely a black orchestra in Columbus at that time as well. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The article is also full of names of many who were in attendance, and this can be an interesting way of looking at a portion of the population almost as a <i>Who's Who</i> list of the Black Columbus at that time, and it provided a wonderful glimpse about he ways in which the Columbus Black community socialized. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The very existence of the La Quasima club is something for those with ancestral ties to Columbus to explore. <br />What was the origin of this club? <br />How long did it last? <br />Did it evolve into something that still exists today? <br /><br />And there is also the Odd Fellows Hall. Was this a G.U.O. O. F. building? (Grand United Order of Odd Fellows?) Does the building still stand today?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Articles such as this one from the <i>Columbus Standard</i> provide that opportunity to give readers even 100 years later a flavor of life in the community at that time.</span></div>
<br />Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5751220465315554061.post-78835139489608270752016-01-12T00:26:00.002-08:002016-01-12T08:49:02.245-08:00Gems from the Black Press: Race News from The Colorado Statesman<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;">Welcome back to Gems from the Press!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 13.2px; line-height: 18.48px;">The purpose is to share each week an interesting article from early black publications of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As previously noted,the articles found inside of these long forgotten publications contain rich history that reflect the early years of African America life in the first decades of freedom. Some are publications of fraternal or benevolent societies, and some were more community based. All provide close ups to history and culture of times long past.</span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Race News"<br />From: The Colorado Statesman, June 1900</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpV4pQHj0Ou2Uqkdudu_-9TuLuZjDBLOCJZeM8ClCA6gU9fp9noKXEfdbfnHYrCxzDfoxiawDSnlbgoiAaO4UsQUma0kZwZgS_ItQraLiv1QeokDYHQBArJuxeVuWrVPR0h57xGsL3efA/s1600/StatesmanMasthead.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpV4pQHj0Ou2Uqkdudu_-9TuLuZjDBLOCJZeM8ClCA6gU9fp9noKXEfdbfnHYrCxzDfoxiawDSnlbgoiAaO4UsQUma0kZwZgS_ItQraLiv1QeokDYHQBArJuxeVuWrVPR0h57xGsL3efA/s320/StatesmanMasthead.jpg" width="318" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Source</b>:</span></span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 12.6px;"><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Ancestry.com. </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">U.S., African American Newspapers, 1829-1947</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;"> [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. This collection was indexed by Ancestry World Archives Project contributors.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;" /><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Original data: </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Negro Newspapers for the American Council of Learned Studies</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">. Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress.</span></b></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">By 1900, it was becoming common in the press for publications to provide snippets of news pertaining to "the race" in their regular publications. An interesting column appeared in T<i>he Colorado Statesman</i> in 1900. These brief often 1-sentence statements still provide an interesting glimpse into the African American community and how it viewed itself and the progress of the community.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This particular issue of the <i>Colorado Statesman</i>, also included interesting articles about noted leaders in the community, such as the leading article about educator Booker T. Washington. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 18.48px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The column "Race News" caught my attention and I am compelled to share pieces of the column here:</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi26wQ-KOqEY4bsQwatlpeqDX3efLWzW603xRdRjSncciD6D9_KqoNXRIdIdEix4TbZO2nvzGxVVzhWpar4_lXgC_D5Dmkk_uQoUnwf2HuracCRKQrENKpbUzrrn13WcY5jGbeg4w21P0/s1600/Statesman+Race+news.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi26wQ-KOqEY4bsQwatlpeqDX3efLWzW603xRdRjSncciD6D9_KqoNXRIdIdEix4TbZO2nvzGxVVzhWpar4_lXgC_D5Dmkk_uQoUnwf2HuracCRKQrENKpbUzrrn13WcY5jGbeg4w21P0/s400/Statesman+Race+news.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Source</b>:</span></span><b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small; line-height: 12.6px;"><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Ancestry.com. </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">U.S., African American Newspapers, 1829-1947</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;"> [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013. This collection was indexed by Ancestry World Archives Project contributors.</span><br style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;" /><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Original data: </span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">Negro Newspapers for the American Council of Learned Studies</i><span style="color: #36322d; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 21.0909px; text-align: start;">. Washington, D.C.: The Library of Congress.</span></b></div>
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<i><b>St. Louis has a Negro Tobacco worker's Union</b></i></div>
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<i><b>There are two savings banks in Richmond VA., owned and operated by colored men.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>The colored people of Mississippi are preparing the build a cotton factor at Jackson.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>Mr. L.E. Perry owns and operates a mattress factory at St. Joseph Mo., employing members of his race exclusively.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>Lieut. Gov. Caldwell appointed a young Afro-American from the orphan's home at Cincinnati as a page in the Ohio legislature.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>There are about 20 colored teachers in the mixed schools of greater New York, and some of them have classes where there is not a single colored child.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>The United States Commission to the Paris Exposition of 1900 has assigned space in the Social Economy building to be used for the exhibit of the present condition of the Afro-American.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>It is said that no race rises higher than the morals of its woman. If this be true, our women should put forth every endeaver(sic) to rise to the highest moral standard that is possible for them to rise. By thus rising they will draw the whole race up with them.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>In the state of Maryland, there are 5,000 colored men engaged in mercantile businesses on their own account. Many are successful farmers in the various counties of the State. Some engaged in blacksmithing, wheelwrights, and carpenters.</b></i></div>
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<i><b>* * * <br />J.H. Hall of South Glastonbury Conn., who owns extensive peach and plum orchards, in Georgia, in testifying before the Industrial Commission one day last week said, "Negro labor employed on his plantations in Georgia was as cheap and efficient as white labor in New England."</b></i></div>
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Columns such as this "Race News" column from this Colorado publication were important to the black population, and in 1900 when this issue was published the national Black community was still only 35 years into freedom from bondage. The appearance of these small pieces of "race news" served not only to inform, but also to inspire. The gleanings of news from around the country provided an overview of the Black community on a national level and some these small articles in the early 20th century, planted seeds that would eventually encourage some to later embark upon the "Great Migration."</div>
Angela Y. Walton-Rajihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12987860835348165902noreply@blogger.com1